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Philips Records
Parent company	Universal Music Group
Founded	1950 (1950)
Founder	Koninklijke Philips B.V.
Defunct	1990 (1990)
Status	Inactive
Distributor(s)	Decca Music Group Verve Label Group Mercury Records
Genre	Various (historic) Classical music (current)
Country of origin	Netherlands
Official website	www.deccaclassics.com

Philips Records is a record label that was founded by the Dutch electronics company Philips. In 1946, Philips acquired the company which pressed records for British Decca's Dutch outlet in Amsterdam.

History

The record label was started as "Philips Phonographische Industrie" (PPI) in June 1950 when it began issuing classical recordings. Recordings were also made of popular artists of various nationalities and of classical artists from Germany, France and the Netherlands. Launched under the slogan "Records of the Century" (referring to Philips Industries' UK Head Office at Century House, W1), the first releases in Britain appeared in January 1953 on 10" 78 rpm discs, with LPs appearing in July 1954.

Philips also distributed recordings made by Columbia Records (which at the time was a unit of CBS) in the UK and on the European continent. After the separation of the English Columbia label (owned by EMI) and American Columbia, Philips also started distributing original Columbia recordings on the Philips label in the UK.

The first batch of eight singles releases in 1953 included British artists such as Gilbert Harding, Flanagan & Allen and Gracie Fields, followed by American Columbia recording artists Jo Stafford, Frankie Laine and Johnnie Ray. The first single on the label to chart was Frankie Laine's "I Believe", which reached the No. 1 chart position in the UK that April. Many of the first British recordings on the label were produced by Norman Newell until John Franz was appointed artists and repertoire (A&R) manager in 1954.

In 1958 Philips created a subsidiary label, Fontana Records, which meant that American-Columbia recordings were being issued on both the Philips and Fontana labels. This arrangement lasted until April 1962, when, under pressure from Columbia in America, Philips then created a third label for them, CBS Records (it could not name the label Columbia as the copyright for that name had long been owned by EMI). In late 1964, under the stewardship of U.S. President of Columbia Records Goddard Lieberson, CBS Records formed its own international operations, adopting the name of its then parent CBS. CBS Records set up their UK operation in Theobalds Road in Holborn. Singles and albums on the Philips and Fontana labels by Columbia-owned product were subsequently withdrawn.

In 1962, Philips Records and Deutsche Grammophon formed the Grammophon-Philips Group joint venture (GPG), which later became PolyGram in 1972. UK pressings were manufactured at the company's large factory based at Walthamstow in N.E. London.

In 1961, after Philips lost its US and Canadian distribution deal with Columbia Records, it entered an exchange agreement with Mercury Records.^[1] A year later, Philips' US affiliate Consolidated Electronics Industries Corp. (aka Conelco), bought Mercury and its subsidiary labels, such as Smash. Philips classical, jazz and pop records were marketed by Mercury in the US under the Philips label. The Mercury Living Presence team also made classical recordings for Philips, in July 1961. These records, made in Walthamstow Town Hall near London, included Liszt piano concertos by Sviatoslav Richter and the London Symphony Orchestra conducted by Kiril Kondrashin; two albums of symphonic "bon-bons" by the London Symphony Orchestra and Charles Mackerras released as "Kaleidoscope"; "Russian Song Recital" by Galina Vishnevskaya and Mstislav Rostropovich; and Beethoven sonata op. 69 for cello and piano by Richter and Rostropovich. The Richter Liszt album was recorded on 3-track 35mm magnetic film and was reissued on CD from a remaster made from the film by original producer Wilma Cozart Fine, (wife of the late recording pioneer Bob) as part of the Philips Solo series.^[2]

Classical groups that Philips heavily recorded included the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, the Beaux Arts Trio, and the Quartetto Italiano. Violinist Arthur Grumiaux and the pianist Claudio Arrau were under contract to Philips. Symphony orchestras under contract, including the LSO, were under the command of prestigious young conductors such as Colin Davis and Bernard Haitink.

From 1961 until the late 1980s, Philips Records (USA) issued many classical titles in US-specific packaging, initially in the same glossy-laminated covers as Mercury Records. The records were pressed at Mercury's plant in Richmond, Indiana, and mastered in New York by George Piros at Fine Recording, using 2-track and mono master tapes provided by Philips. These releases were the PHS 900 xxx series for stereo and the 500 xxx series for mono. Clair Van Ausdal in Mercury's New York office oversaw the Philips classical US releases through the mid-1960s.

Philips also launched an eponymous jazz label in the US, releasing both imported European Philips recordings and making new American recordings of Gerry Mulligan, Dizzy Gillespie and Woody Herman, among others. These records were made through Mercury's existing jazz operations and produced by Jack Tracy and others.

In addition to jazz and classical music, Philips also became a major player in the world of rock and pop music in the late 1950s till late 1970s. In the UK, Philips developed a strong popular music roster, signing acts like Marty Wilde, Roy Castle, Anne Shelton, the Four Pennies, Dusty Springfield, and the Walker Brothers. The American pop label was launched in 1962 starting with the R&B single "Gee Baby" by Ben & Bea and showed a comfortability with folk-country, releasing "Makes You Wanna Sigh" by Ross Legacy in 1969. It signed the Four Seasons in 1964. It also played a major part in promoting the garage rock genre and the psychedelic rock genre in the mid to late 60s, their most successful signing being Blue Cheer.

In the UK during the 1960s and 1970s, Philips turned its attention more to the growing MOR market with artists like Lena Zavaroni, Peters and Lee, Nana Mouskouri and Demis Roussos, as well as issuing novelty records by media personalities like Ed Stewart, Bruce Forsyth, Dave Allen and Chris Hill. In 1972, Philips, Fontana, Mercury Records, and the newly formed Vertigo Records were amalgamated into a new company called Phonogram In Europe, however, Philips was used on a major basis and it became the outlet for Sire Records in America and distributed a number of punk and new wave bands like Talking Heads, the Ramones, and Radio Birdman, who were signed from Australia. It also released some disco records by Donna Summer and the Village People, as their home label Casablanca Records was not cleared for use in all countries around the world. Another important American label signing for the UK was Avco Records, which provided Phonogram with one of their best-selling U.S. acts, the Stylistics. By late 1979 Phonogram signed Dire Straits to the Vertigo label. The band sold huge numbers of records all over Europe and were chosen to promote the initial release of CDs in 1985, with a nationwide road tour in association with Philips/Sony Industries.

By 1980, Phonogram and Polydor Records decided to merge to become PolyGram Records. Under the new company, PolyGram decided to discontinue Philips as a pop and rock label in the UK and throughout much of Europe, though it was still frequently issued records in France and South East Asia by Chinese and Hong Kong pop artists. The majority of PolyGram's rock and pop music signings went to Mercury, and Polydor in the UK and Europe, though the label was used sparingly in America. Philips became part of PolyGram Classics as a classical music label along with Decca Records and Deutsche Grammophon.

From the early 1970s, Philips classical records were not being produced in the US any more; rather they were made in the Netherlands and sold as imports in the American market. Philips reissued a group of Mercury Living Presence titles as "Mercury Golden Imports", with manufacture in the Netherlands and masters cut from 2-track production tapes, as opposed to the original-issue method of mixing stereo LPs directly from the edited 3-track master tapes and films.

In the 1980s Philips Classics Records was formed to distribute its classical artists, although classical recordings have also been issued on the regular Philips label. In the US, Philips eventually handled distribution and sales for Philips, Mercury, British Decca (sold under the London label in the US) and Deutsche Grammophon.

Compact disc era

In 1983, Philips became the first record label to issue compact discs, using digital recordings that had been recorded since 1978. ^[3]

Philips and its subsidiaries eventually re-issued many of its pre-digital stereo and mono recordings on compact disc. Philips and DuPont partnered in four CD manufacturing plants in Hanover, Germany; Blackburn in the UK (formerly the Philips Laservision Disc factory); Kings Mountain in North Carolina, and Louviers in France. By the mid-1990s, Polygram Classics handled the classical labels (Philips, Mercury, Decca, Deutsche Grammophon) and Verve Music Group handled the jazz back catalogue (from Verve, Mercury, etc.) and new jazz releases. Mercury continues to manage the Philips pop back catalogue to this day.

Philips Records has been part of Universal Music since 1998, the name continuing to be licensed from the label's former parent company. In 1999, Philips Classics was absorbed into the Decca Music Group, and Philips recording and mastering operations in the Netherlands were shut down. Former employees bought the Philips Recording Center in Baarn, Netherlands, and formed Polyhymnia International (a recording and mastering company) and Pentatone Records (which specializes in SACD releases).^[4]

Many of the Philips classical recordings have been reissued on the Eloquence label. Universal also released a "Philips 50" series marking the 50th anniversary of Philips Records in the early 2000s; some of those CDs are still in print. Pentatone has released Philips Quadraphonic sound recordings from the early and mid-1970s in 4-channel SACD format, as their RQR Series.^[5]

Philips' classical catalog was issued on CD under the headings Digital Classics, Legendary Classics and Silver Line Classics. Many of these titles have been reissued on the Decca label.

Releases

Connoisseur Collection

The "Philips Connoisseur Collection" issued world music and other genres.

• PCC–603: Soeur Sourire – The Singing Nun
  


• PCC–606: Missa Luba (a version of the Latin Mass based on traditional Congolese songs)


• PCC–616: Michel Legrand – The Umbrellas of Cherbourg (Les Parapluies De Cherbourg)
  


• PCC–619: Los Fronterizos Chorus and Orchestra – Misa Criolla
  


• PCC–608: Edith Piaf – Adieu, Little Sparrow
  


• PCC–620: Jacques Brel: The Poetic World of Jacques Brel
  


• PCC–621: Sarah Gorby – Songs of the Ghetto
  


• PCC–623: Misa Flamenca · Misa Mozarabe
  


• PCC–633: Yves Montand – Extraordinaire!
  


• PCC–634: Jacques Brel: If you go away
  

Popular music artists

• 
  Nike Ardilla - South East Asia (1990-1993, moved to Sony Music Entertainment from 1994–present) made in Malaysia also known as "Philips Record (Malaysia)


• 
  Andy Lau - Hong Kong (1995-1997, now moved to Sony Music Entertainment from 1998–present)


• 
  Aaron Kwok - Hong Kong (1996-1999, now moved to Sony Music Entertainment from 2000–present)


• 
  Dave Wong - Republic of China (1996-1998, now moved to Sony Music Entertainment from 1999-2009)


• 
  Regina - Indonesian Idol Season 7 (2012–present, made in Malaysia, also known as "Philips Record (Malaysia) Sendirian Berhad")


• 
  Sean - Indonesian Idol Season 7 (2012–present, made in Malaysia, also known as "Philips Record (Malaysia) Sendirian Berhad")


• 
  Yoda - Indonesian Idol Season 7 (2012–present, made in Malaysia, also known as "Philips Record (Malaysia) Sendirian Berhad")


• 
  Dion - Indonesian Idol Season 7 (2012–present, made in Malaysia, also known as "Philips Record (Malaysia) Sendirian Berhad")


• 
  Rosa - Indonesian Idol Season 7 (2012–present, made in Malaysia, also known as "Philips Record (Malaysia) Sendirian Berhad")


• 
  Dera - Indonesian Idol Season 7 (2012–present, made in Malaysia, also known as "Philips Record (Malaysia) Sendirian Berhad")


• 
  Belinda - Indonesian Idol Season 7 (2012–present, made in Malaysia, also known as "Philips Record (Malaysia) Sendirian Berhad")


• 
  Khanza - Indonesian Idol Season 7 (2012–present, made in Malaysia, also known as "Philips Record (Malaysia) Sendirian Berhad")


• 
  Febri - Indonesian Idol Season 7 (2012–present, made in Malaysia, also known as "Philips Record (Malaysia) Sendirian Berhad")


• 
  Kamahl - Australia
  


• 
  Galapagous Duck - Australia


• 
  Radio Birdman - Australia - European release only


• 
  Mr. George - Australia


• 
  Hush - Australia (debut single release only)


• 
  Silver Studs - Australia


• 
  Demis Roussos - Greece
  


• 
  Nana Mouskouri - Greece


• 
  Guys 'n' Dolls - England
  


• 
  The Missing Links - Australia


• 
  Janice Slater - Australia


• 
  Elton John (US singles from 1968 to 1970)


• 
  Mud - England (1969, but also on Philips in Europe from 1975 to 1977)


• 
  Thunderthighs - England


• 
  5,000 Volts - England


• 
  Lena Zavaroni - Scotland


• 
  Madeline Bell - Newark, NJ


• 
  Maria Bethânia - Brazil
  


• 
  Blue Cheer - San Francisco, California, United States
  


• 
  Blue Mink - England


• 
  Teresa Brewer - Toledo, Ohio, United States


• 
  Chico Buarque - Brazil


• 
  Cluster - Berlin, Germany


• 
  Ray Conniff (licensed from US Columbia Records)


• 
  Gal Costa - Brazil


• 
  Teresa De Sio - Cava de' Tirreni, Italy


• 
  Val Doonican - Ireland^[6]
  


• 
  Ekseption - Netherlands
  


• 
  Eloy (debut album only)


• 
  The Four Pennies - various, England


• 
  The Four Seasons - Newark, New Jersey, United States


• 
  Gong – France


• 
  Jacques Brel - France


• 
  Johnny Hallyday - Paris, France (from 1961 until 2005)


• Coco Briaval^[7] - Paris, France (1966)


• 
  Wes Harrison -


• 
  Bobby Hebb - Nashville, Tennessee, United States


• 
  Johnny Horton - (licensed from US Columbia Records)


• 
  Brian Hyland - Queens, New York, United States


• 
  Jim and Jean - New York City, United States (1965)


• 
  Billy Joel -


• 
  Yoshie Kasiwabara - Japan


• 
  The Kaye Sisters - England


• 
  Kraftwerk - Düsseldorf, Germany


• 
  Frankie Laine (licensed from US Columbia Records)


• 
  Vicky Leandros - Greece/Germany


• 
  Los Paraguayos - Paraguay
  


• 
  Luv' - Netherlands


• 
  Harvey Mandel - Detroit, Michigan
  


• 
  Manfred Mann's Earth Band - European release only


• 
  Susan Maughan - Consett, County Durham


• 
  Paul Mauriat - Marseille, France


• 
  Roger Miller - Nashville, Tennessee^[8]
  


• 
  Guy Mitchell (licensed from US Columbia)


• 
  Mouth & MacNeal - Netherlands


• 
  Osamu Minagawa - Japan


• 
  New Vaudeville Band - England


• 
  Peters and Lee - England


• 
  Ajda Pekkan - Turkey


• 
  Johnnie Ray (licensed from US Columbia)


• 
  Richard and the Young Lions - Newark, New Jersey, United States


• 
  Raul Seixas - Brazil


• 
  Serendipity Singers - Boulder, Colorado, United States


• 
  Nina Simone - Tryon, North Carolina, United States


• 
  The Singing Nun - Fichermont, Belgium
  


• 
  Dusty Springfield - West Hampstead, London
  


• 
  The Springfields - London
  


• 
  The Swingle Singers - Paris, France


• 
  Wally Tax - Amsterdam, Netherlands


• 
  The Tempters - Japan
  


• 
  Luigi Tenco - March 21, 1938, Cassine, Alessandria – January 27, 1967, Sanremo, Imperia, Italy^[9]
  


• 
  Frankie Vaughan - Liverpool, England^[10]
  


• 
  Caetano Veloso - Brazil
  


• 
  The Walker Brothers - Los Angeles, California, United States; based in London from Feb. 1965


• 
  John Walker - New York, United States


• 
  Scott Walker - Hamilton, Ohio, United States


• 
  David Whitfield - England


• 
  Marty Wilde - Greenwich, South London


• 
  Terry Wogan - Limerick, Éire

References

External links

• Official Decca & Philips Classics Website


• A discography of American Philips pop albums in the 1960s and early 1970s


• A discography of American Philips singles in the 1960s and early 1970s