Typhlopidae
| Typhlopidae | |
|---|---|
 | |
Indotyphlops braminus | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Infraorder: | Scolecophidia |
| Superfamily: | Typhlopoidea |
| Family: | Typhlopidae Merrem, 1820 |
Synonyms | |
| |
The Typhlopidae are a family of blind snakes.[2] They are found mostly in the tropical regions of Africa, Asia, the Americas, and all mainland Australia and various islands.[3] The rostral scale overhangs the mouth to form a shovel-like burrowing structure. They live underground in burrows, and since they have no use for vision, their eyes are mostly vestigial. They have light-detecting black eye spots, and teeth occur in the upper jaw. The tail ends with a horn-like scale. Most of these species are oviparous. Currently, 18 genera are recognized containing over 200 species.[2][4]
Contents
1 Geographic range
2 Genera
2.1 Former genera
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Geographic range
They are found in most tropical and many subtropical regions all over the world, particularly in Africa, Asia, islands in the Pacific, tropical America, and southeastern Europe.[1]
Genera
| Genus[2] | Taxon author[2] | Species[2] | Common name | Geographic range[1] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Acutotyphlops | Wallach, 1995 | 5 | Eastern Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands | |
Afrotyphlops | Broadley & Wallach, 2009[5] | 29 | sub-Saharan Africa | |
Amerotyphlops | Hedges, Marion, Lipp, Marin, & Vidal, 2014 | 15 | Mexico through South America | |
Anilios | Gray, 1845 | 47 | Australia and New Guinea. | |
Antillotyphlops | Hedges, Marion, Lipp, Marin, & Vidal, 2014 | 12 | Caribbean islands | |
Argyrophis | Gray, 1845 | 12 | Asia | |
Cubatyphlops | Hedges, Marion, Lipp, Marin, & Vidal, 2014 | 12 | Caribbean islands | |
Cyclotyphlops | Bosch & Ineich, 1994 | 1 | Indonesia: Selatan Province, southern Sulawesi | |
Grypotyphlops | W. Peters, 1881[6] | 1 | peninsular India | |
Indotyphlops | Hedges, Marion, Lipp, Marin, & Vidal, 2014 | 23 | Asia | |
Letheobia | Cope, 1869[7] | 32 | Africa and the Middle East | |
Madatyphlops | Hedges, Marion, Lipp, Marin, & Vidal, 2014 | 14 | Madagascar, the Comoro Islands, Mauritius | |
Malayotyphlops | Hedges, Marion, Lipp, Marin, & Vidal, 2014 | 11 | the Philippines and Indonesia | |
Ramphotyphlops | Fitzinger, 1843 | 21 | long-tailed blind snakes[2] | southern and southeast Asia, as well as many islands in the southern Pacific Ocean |
Rhinotyphlops | Fitzinger, 1843 | 7 | Africa | |
Sundatyphlops | Hedges, Marion, Lipp, Marin, & Vidal, 2014 | 1 | Indonesia and East Timor | |
TyphlopsT | Oppel, 1811 | 20 | the West Indies | |
Xerotyphlops | Hedges, Marion, Lipp, Marin, & Vidal, 2014 | 5 | Palearctic |
TType genus[1]
Former genera
Xenotyphlops, formerly classified in the Typhlopidae, is now classed in the Xenotyphlopidae.
See also
- List of typhlopid species and subspecies
- Typhlopidae by common name
- Typhlopidae by taxonomic synonyms
List of snakes, overview of all snake genera
References
^ abcd McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré TA. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, Volume 1. Washington, District of Columbia: Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series).
ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
^ abcdef "Typhlopidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 14 August 2007.
^ Shine, Richard. 2007. Australian Snakes, a Natural History. Chatswood, New South Wales: New Holland Publishers. 224 pp.
ISBN 978-1-876334-25-3.
^ Pyron, Robert Alexander; Burbrink, Frank T.; Wiens, John J. (2013). "A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes" (PDF). BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13 (1): 93&ndash, 145. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-93. PMC 3682911. PMID 23627680.
^ Broadley, Donald G. & Wallach, Van (2009). "A review of the eastern and southern African blind-snakes (Serpentes: Typhlopidae), excluding Letheobia Cope, with the description of two new genera and a new species" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2255: 1&ndash, 100.
^ Resurrected for a reclassified Rhinotyphlops acutus by Wallach (2003). Wallach, Van & Pauwels, Olivier S. G. (2004). "Typhlops lazelli, a new species of Chinese blindsnake from Hong Kong (Serpentes: Typhlopidae)". Breviora (512): 1–21. doi:10.3099/0006-9698(2004)512[1:TLANSO]2.0.CO;2.
^ Resurrected by Broadley & Wallach (2007). Wallach, Van; Brown, R.M.; Diesmos, A.C. & Gee, G.V.A. (2007). "An enigmatic new species of blind snake from Luzon Island, northern Philippines, with a synopsis of the genus Acutotyphlops (Serpentes: Typhlopidae)" (PDF). Journal of Herpetology. 41 (4): 690–702. doi:10.1670/206-5.1.
External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhlopidae. |
Typhlopidae at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 3 November 2008.
