Zavkhan Province
Zavkhan Province Завхан аймаг .mw-parser-output .font-mong{font-family:"Menk Hawang Tig","Menk Qagan Tig","Menk Garqag Tig","Menk Har_a Tig","Menk Scnin Tig","Oyun Gurban Ulus Tig","Oyun Qagan Tig","Oyun Garqag Tig","Oyun Har_a Tig","Oyun Scnin Tig","Oyun Agula Tig","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White","Mongol Usug","Mongolian White","MongolianScript","Code2000","Menksoft Qagan"}.mw-parser-output .font-mong-mnc,.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(mnc-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(dta-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(sjo-Mong){font-family:"Abkai Xanyan","Abkai Xanyan LA","Abkai Xanyan VT","Abkai Xanyan XX","Abkai Xanyan SC","Abkai Buleku","Daicing White","Mongolian Baiti","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongolian Universal White"} ᠵᠠᠪᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ | |||
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Province | |||
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Coordinates: 48°0′N 96°15′E / 48.000°N 96.250°E / 48.000; 96.250Coordinates: 48°0′N 96°15′E / 48.000°N 96.250°E / 48.000; 96.250 | |||
Country | Mongolia | ||
Established | 1931 (1931) | ||
Capital | Uliastai | ||
Area | |||
• Total | 82,455.66 km2 (31,836.31 sq mi) | ||
Elevation | 1,886 m (6,188 ft) | ||
Population (2017) | |||
• Total | 72,104 | ||
• Density | 0.87/km2 (2.3/sq mi) | ||
Time zone | UTC+8 | ||
Area code(s) | +976 (0)146 | ||
ISO 3166 code | MN-057 | ||
Vehicle registration | ЗА_ | ||
Website | www.zavkhan.gov.mn |
Zavkhan (Mongolian: Завхан, Zawhan) is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia, located in the west of the country, 1,104 km from Ulaanbaatar. Its capital is Uliastai. The aimag is named after the Zavkhan River, which forms the border between Zavkhan and Gobi-Altai aimag.
Contents
1 Environment
2 Climate
3 Wildlife
4 Population
5 Notable Natives & Residents
6 Economy
7 Transportation
8 Administrative subdivisions
9 References
Environment
Locally, Zavkhan's environment is considered "Gobi-Khangai" (Говь хангай), since it connects the Gobi Desert in the south with the western Khangai Mountain Range and the broad lake basin of Khovd aimag.
The highest peak in the province is Otgontenger (Отгонтэнгэр, lit. "youngest sky") both the highest (4,031 m) and only peak in the Khangai range capped with a permanent glacier. The mountain is located in the 95,510 hectare Otgon Tenger Strictly Protected Area, about 60 km east of Uliastai. An image of the mountain can be seen on the aimag's coat of arms. Otgontenger is associated with the Bodhisattva Ochirvaani (Очирваань).
The western and south-western regions of Zavkhan contain the massive Bor Khyarin Els sand dunes that stretch for over 100 km within the Zavkhan, down into Gobi-Altai aimag. One of the largest lakes in Zavkhan, Bayan Nuur (баян нуур, "rich lake") is nestled among the dunes.
Climate
Most precipitation falls in the summer months as rain, with some snow in the adjacent months of May and September. Winters are typically very dry.
Zavkhan has some of the coldest winter temperatures in Mongolia. It has even been known to snow in Summer. In Tosontsengel, the largest soum in Zavkhan, winter temperatures as low as −52.9 °C (−63.2 °F) have been recorded. The soum also holds the record for the highest barometric pressure ever recorded on Earth 1,085.7 hectopascals (32.06 inHg), measured on 19 December 2001.[1]
Wildlife
Aside from having massive livestock populations, Zavkhan's broad ecological regions and deep forests are home to a diverse population of wildlife: Gobi bears, Mongolian khulans, wild boars, spotted deers, argali, wild goats, ibexes, Mongolian wolves, Corsac foxes, marmots, mongooses, Eurasian lynxes, hares, and both Mongolian and goitered gazelle.
Many forest, mountain and migratory birds can be found in the aimag, including rare snowcocks and bobwhites, as well as swans, vultures, falcons and hawks.
Fishing is a popular pastime in Zavkhan. Khar Nuur and Bayan Nuur lakes are rich with fish, and many of the hundreds of smaller rivers throughout the province provide decent fishing.
Population
Population growth in Zavkhan aimag stopped in 1994, then migration out of the aimag (approx. 40,000 in 1995-2005) reduced its population to the end of 1979 level. The majority of the population is ethnic Khalkha but there are sizable Khotgoid and Kazakh minorities.
Zavkhan aimag population[2][3][4]
1956
census
1960
est.
1963
census
1969
census
1975
est.
1979
census
1981
est.
1989
census
1990
est.
1992
est.
1994
est.
1996
est.
1998
est.
2000
census
2002
est.
2005
est.
2008
est.
55,100
61,000
60,000
70,800
76,000
79,800
81,700
88,500
91,960
102,834
103,150
102,341
100,905
87,686
83,516
78,668
76,614
Notable Natives & Residents
Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat, First President of Mongolia (1990-1997)
Natsagiin Bagabandi, Second President of Mongolia (1997-2005)
S. Damdinbazar Mongolian Jalkhanz Khotagt (Жалханз Хутагт, "reincarnated saint") Independence activist and Prime Minister of Mongolia (1922-1923)
Begziin Yavuukhulan, Soviet Poet- B. Jamsranjav, Mongolian Saint, Lama
- S. Chimedtseren, Mongolian Saint, Lama
Economy
Herders breed each of the "5 Kinds" (5-н хошуу мал)of animal in Zavkhan. In 2005, the aimag was home to 2,1 million head of livestock, among them 1,03 million sheep, 861,000 goats, 107,000 cattle and yaks, 101,000 horses, and 6,300 camels.[5]
The area is also rich with mineral resources such as iron ore, tin, gold, copper, diamonds, molybdenum ore, and phosphorite. While Zavkhan's mineral wealth remains
largely been unexploited, in 2012 the Golden Hill Project mine was built by Bayan Airag Exploration LLC outside of Durvuljin soum. [6]
Transportation
The old Uliastai Airport has two unpaved runways and is located close to the city, but it has no regular flights operating. Since 2002, the Donoi Airport (or "New Uliastai Airport") with one unpaved runway is located about 25 km west of the city and gets served by regular flights to and from Ulaanbaatar.
Administrative subdivisions
The Sums of Zavkhan Aimag
Sum
Mongolian
Population [7](2005)
Aldarkhaan
Алдархаан
3,708
Asgat
Асгат
1,125
Bayankhairhan
Баянхайрхан
1,968
Bayantes
Баянтэс
3,024
Dörvöljin
Дөрвөлжин
2,323
Erdenekhairkhan
Эрдэнэхайрхан
1,771
Ider
Идэр
2,714
Ikh-Uul
Их-Уул
6,271
Nömrög
Нөмрөг
1,848
Otgon
Отгон
3,478
Santmargats
Сантмаргац
2,101
Shilüüstei
Шилүүстэй
2,450
Songino
Сонгино
1,921
Telmen
Тэлмэн
2,820
Tes
Тэс
3,230
Tosontsengel
Тосонцэнгэл
9,045
Tsagaanchuluut
Цагаанчулуут
1,496
Tsagaankhairkhan
Цагаанхайрхан
1,823
Tsetsen-Uul
Цэцэн-Уул
2,114
Tüdevtei
Түдэвтэй
2,003
Uliastai *
Улиастай
15,742
Urgamal
Ургамал
1,822
Yaruu
Яруу
2,547
Zavkhanmandal
Завханмандал
1,324
- * The aimag capital
References
^ "Highest Sea Lvl Air Pressure Above 750m". Wmo.asu.edu. 2001-12-19. Retrieved 2013-01-13..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^
National Statistical Office Archived June 7, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
^
National Economy of the Mongolian People's Republic (1921 - 1981), Ulaanbaatar 1981
^ Zavkhan Aimag Statistic Office Annual Report 2008 Archived July 22, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
^ Zavkhan Aimag: official website Archived July 7, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
^ Bayan Airag Exploration LLC: official website
^
Zavkhan Aimag:
Сумдын Танилцуулга Archived November 1, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. (Introduction to the Sums)