Python: Why raw strings are not allowed to have odd number of backslashes?












-1















This works fine:



print(r'\')


This doesn't:



print(r'')


Why?



Edit. I understand what the doc is saying. But I don't see why this bug/feature/deficiency must exist. I wouldn't feel strange if this expression '' fails because obviously the backslash is escaping the quote. But aren't raw strings meant to be raw?



As a counter example, in Bash you can write this:



echo ''


And it works as expected.



Is there anything to do with the parsers?






python string







share|improve this question




















  • 2





    because you are escaping ' there and your string is incomplete without the ending single-quote

    – Subramanya Vajiraya
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:09






  • 1





    @SubramanyaVajiraya Doesn't the prefix r mean the string should be interpreted verbatim?. Why would the backslash take effect here?

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:33
















-1















This works fine:



print(r'\')


This doesn't:



print(r'')


Why?



Edit. I understand what the doc is saying. But I don't see why this bug/feature/deficiency must exist. I wouldn't feel strange if this expression '' fails because obviously the backslash is escaping the quote. But aren't raw strings meant to be raw?



As a counter example, in Bash you can write this:



echo ''


And it works as expected.



Is there anything to do with the parsers?






python string







share|improve this question




















  • 2





    because you are escaping ' there and your string is incomplete without the ending single-quote

    – Subramanya Vajiraya
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:09






  • 1





    @SubramanyaVajiraya Doesn't the prefix r mean the string should be interpreted verbatim?. Why would the backslash take effect here?

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:33














-1












-1








-1








This works fine:



print(r'\')


This doesn't:



print(r'')


Why?



Edit. I understand what the doc is saying. But I don't see why this bug/feature/deficiency must exist. I wouldn't feel strange if this expression '' fails because obviously the backslash is escaping the quote. But aren't raw strings meant to be raw?



As a counter example, in Bash you can write this:



echo ''


And it works as expected.



Is there anything to do with the parsers?






python string







share|improve this question
















This works fine:



print(r'\')


This doesn't:



print(r'')


Why?



Edit. I understand what the doc is saying. But I don't see why this bug/feature/deficiency must exist. I wouldn't feel strange if this expression '' fails because obviously the backslash is escaping the quote. But aren't raw strings meant to be raw?



As a counter example, in Bash you can write this:



echo ''


And it works as expected.



Is there anything to do with the parsers?






python string




python string






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited Dec 10 '16 at 11:54







Cyker

















asked Dec 10 '16 at 11:06









CykerCyker

3,08363346




3,08363346








  • 2





    because you are escaping ' there and your string is incomplete without the ending single-quote

    – Subramanya Vajiraya
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:09






  • 1





    @SubramanyaVajiraya Doesn't the prefix r mean the string should be interpreted verbatim?. Why would the backslash take effect here?

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:33














  • 2





    because you are escaping ' there and your string is incomplete without the ending single-quote

    – Subramanya Vajiraya
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:09






  • 1





    @SubramanyaVajiraya Doesn't the prefix r mean the string should be interpreted verbatim?. Why would the backslash take effect here?

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:33








2




2





because you are escaping ' there and your string is incomplete without the ending single-quote

– Subramanya Vajiraya
Dec 10 '16 at 11:09





because you are escaping ' there and your string is incomplete without the ending single-quote

– Subramanya Vajiraya
Dec 10 '16 at 11:09




1




1





@SubramanyaVajiraya Doesn't the prefix r mean the string should be interpreted verbatim?. Why would the backslash take effect here?

– Cyker
Dec 10 '16 at 11:33





@SubramanyaVajiraya Doesn't the prefix r mean the string should be interpreted verbatim?. Why would the backslash take effect here?

– Cyker
Dec 10 '16 at 11:33












4 Answers
4






active

oldest

votes


















5














From the documentation,




Specifically, a raw string cannot end in a single backslash (since the backslash would escape the following quote character). Note also that a single backslash followed by a newline is interpreted as those two characters as part of the string, not as a line continuation.







share|improve this answer
























  • Is that because the parser cannot handle ''? Raw strings are meant to be raw, but this looks like a deficiency.

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:36











  • Python's lexical analysis is defined to require its input to escape backslashes, as (again) pointed out in the documentation.

    – Michael Foukarakis
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:40













  • Do you mean the grammar listed here? Could you please update your answer with the paragraphs pointing out what you said here?

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:44











  • Everything I've said is in the same link contained in my answer. Please read it.

    – Michael Foukarakis
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:45











  • The most relevant part I can find is the CFG: shortstringitem ::= shortstringchar | escapeseq. If this is what you mean then it looks like a deficiency. There may be a better grammar for raw strings.

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:48



















1














When you write print(r''), Python understand ' in that statement as a character. Because of that python raised syntax error because the there is a incomplete string inside print function.
For an example if you need to print i am "free" man , you should write



print("i am "free" man")





share|improve this answer































    1














    The limitation is due to the fact that you need someway to include a ' inside a raw. Otherwise there is no way to put bob said "I'm not hungry" in a string.



    So you end up in weird situation where you need an escape character for this case. So in raw strings you escape a ' with a and yes the stays in the string.



    So r'bob said "I'm not hungry"' it is!!






    share|improve this answer
























    • raw is for the convenience of backslashes. If you want to include single/double quotes then you should use triple quotes. Unfortunately in the case I pointed out in question, raw isn't completely convenient for backslashes.

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 12:19











    • Raw is normally so you can put backlashes in them without them being interpreted by the parser part of an escape sequence. But as my answer points out you still need an a way to escape quotes. Triple quoting solves most use cases but there will still be times where you need to encode a triple quote in string and so he problem remains. Having an escape character is still required.

      – Nath
      Dec 10 '16 at 12:28



















    0














    Simple solution would be to use triple quotes. ex: r"""abc"hello'world""" . Even if you are using raw strings, escape sequences still work in some cases.






    share|improve this answer
























    • Just for reference, this doesn't work for the op's question. r"""""" the last " is escaped and the string would not be closed.

      – matt
      Nov 22 '18 at 8:45











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    4 Answers
    4






    active

    oldest

    votes








    4 Answers
    4






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    5














    From the documentation,




    Specifically, a raw string cannot end in a single backslash (since the backslash would escape the following quote character). Note also that a single backslash followed by a newline is interpreted as those two characters as part of the string, not as a line continuation.







    share|improve this answer
























    • Is that because the parser cannot handle ''? Raw strings are meant to be raw, but this looks like a deficiency.

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:36











    • Python's lexical analysis is defined to require its input to escape backslashes, as (again) pointed out in the documentation.

      – Michael Foukarakis
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:40













    • Do you mean the grammar listed here? Could you please update your answer with the paragraphs pointing out what you said here?

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:44











    • Everything I've said is in the same link contained in my answer. Please read it.

      – Michael Foukarakis
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:45











    • The most relevant part I can find is the CFG: shortstringitem ::= shortstringchar | escapeseq. If this is what you mean then it looks like a deficiency. There may be a better grammar for raw strings.

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:48
















    5














    From the documentation,




    Specifically, a raw string cannot end in a single backslash (since the backslash would escape the following quote character). Note also that a single backslash followed by a newline is interpreted as those two characters as part of the string, not as a line continuation.







    share|improve this answer
























    • Is that because the parser cannot handle ''? Raw strings are meant to be raw, but this looks like a deficiency.

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:36











    • Python's lexical analysis is defined to require its input to escape backslashes, as (again) pointed out in the documentation.

      – Michael Foukarakis
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:40













    • Do you mean the grammar listed here? Could you please update your answer with the paragraphs pointing out what you said here?

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:44











    • Everything I've said is in the same link contained in my answer. Please read it.

      – Michael Foukarakis
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:45











    • The most relevant part I can find is the CFG: shortstringitem ::= shortstringchar | escapeseq. If this is what you mean then it looks like a deficiency. There may be a better grammar for raw strings.

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:48














    5












    5








    5







    From the documentation,




    Specifically, a raw string cannot end in a single backslash (since the backslash would escape the following quote character). Note also that a single backslash followed by a newline is interpreted as those two characters as part of the string, not as a line continuation.







    share|improve this answer













    From the documentation,




    Specifically, a raw string cannot end in a single backslash (since the backslash would escape the following quote character). Note also that a single backslash followed by a newline is interpreted as those two characters as part of the string, not as a line continuation.








    share|improve this answer












    share|improve this answer



    share|improve this answer










    answered Dec 10 '16 at 11:08









    Michael FoukarakisMichael Foukarakis

    29.4k466104




    29.4k466104













    • Is that because the parser cannot handle ''? Raw strings are meant to be raw, but this looks like a deficiency.

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:36











    • Python's lexical analysis is defined to require its input to escape backslashes, as (again) pointed out in the documentation.

      – Michael Foukarakis
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:40













    • Do you mean the grammar listed here? Could you please update your answer with the paragraphs pointing out what you said here?

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:44











    • Everything I've said is in the same link contained in my answer. Please read it.

      – Michael Foukarakis
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:45











    • The most relevant part I can find is the CFG: shortstringitem ::= shortstringchar | escapeseq. If this is what you mean then it looks like a deficiency. There may be a better grammar for raw strings.

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:48



















    • Is that because the parser cannot handle ''? Raw strings are meant to be raw, but this looks like a deficiency.

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:36











    • Python's lexical analysis is defined to require its input to escape backslashes, as (again) pointed out in the documentation.

      – Michael Foukarakis
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:40













    • Do you mean the grammar listed here? Could you please update your answer with the paragraphs pointing out what you said here?

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:44











    • Everything I've said is in the same link contained in my answer. Please read it.

      – Michael Foukarakis
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:45











    • The most relevant part I can find is the CFG: shortstringitem ::= shortstringchar | escapeseq. If this is what you mean then it looks like a deficiency. There may be a better grammar for raw strings.

      – Cyker
      Dec 10 '16 at 11:48

















    Is that because the parser cannot handle ''? Raw strings are meant to be raw, but this looks like a deficiency.

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:36





    Is that because the parser cannot handle ''? Raw strings are meant to be raw, but this looks like a deficiency.

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:36













    Python's lexical analysis is defined to require its input to escape backslashes, as (again) pointed out in the documentation.

    – Michael Foukarakis
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:40







    Python's lexical analysis is defined to require its input to escape backslashes, as (again) pointed out in the documentation.

    – Michael Foukarakis
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:40















    Do you mean the grammar listed here? Could you please update your answer with the paragraphs pointing out what you said here?

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:44





    Do you mean the grammar listed here? Could you please update your answer with the paragraphs pointing out what you said here?

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:44













    Everything I've said is in the same link contained in my answer. Please read it.

    – Michael Foukarakis
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:45





    Everything I've said is in the same link contained in my answer. Please read it.

    – Michael Foukarakis
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:45













    The most relevant part I can find is the CFG: shortstringitem ::= shortstringchar | escapeseq. If this is what you mean then it looks like a deficiency. There may be a better grammar for raw strings.

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:48





    The most relevant part I can find is the CFG: shortstringitem ::= shortstringchar | escapeseq. If this is what you mean then it looks like a deficiency. There may be a better grammar for raw strings.

    – Cyker
    Dec 10 '16 at 11:48













    1














    When you write print(r''), Python understand ' in that statement as a character. Because of that python raised syntax error because the there is a incomplete string inside print function.
    For an example if you need to print i am "free" man , you should write



    print("i am "free" man")





    share|improve this answer




























      1














      When you write print(r''), Python understand ' in that statement as a character. Because of that python raised syntax error because the there is a incomplete string inside print function.
      For an example if you need to print i am "free" man , you should write



      print("i am "free" man")





      share|improve this answer


























        1












        1








        1







        When you write print(r''), Python understand ' in that statement as a character. Because of that python raised syntax error because the there is a incomplete string inside print function.
        For an example if you need to print i am "free" man , you should write



        print("i am "free" man")





        share|improve this answer













        When you write print(r''), Python understand ' in that statement as a character. Because of that python raised syntax error because the there is a incomplete string inside print function.
        For an example if you need to print i am "free" man , you should write



        print("i am "free" man")






        share|improve this answer












        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer










        answered Dec 10 '16 at 11:34









        Bodhi94Bodhi94

        963621




        963621























            1














            The limitation is due to the fact that you need someway to include a ' inside a raw. Otherwise there is no way to put bob said "I'm not hungry" in a string.



            So you end up in weird situation where you need an escape character for this case. So in raw strings you escape a ' with a and yes the stays in the string.



            So r'bob said "I'm not hungry"' it is!!






            share|improve this answer
























            • raw is for the convenience of backslashes. If you want to include single/double quotes then you should use triple quotes. Unfortunately in the case I pointed out in question, raw isn't completely convenient for backslashes.

              – Cyker
              Dec 10 '16 at 12:19











            • Raw is normally so you can put backlashes in them without them being interpreted by the parser part of an escape sequence. But as my answer points out you still need an a way to escape quotes. Triple quoting solves most use cases but there will still be times where you need to encode a triple quote in string and so he problem remains. Having an escape character is still required.

              – Nath
              Dec 10 '16 at 12:28
















            1














            The limitation is due to the fact that you need someway to include a ' inside a raw. Otherwise there is no way to put bob said "I'm not hungry" in a string.



            So you end up in weird situation where you need an escape character for this case. So in raw strings you escape a ' with a and yes the stays in the string.



            So r'bob said "I'm not hungry"' it is!!






            share|improve this answer
























            • raw is for the convenience of backslashes. If you want to include single/double quotes then you should use triple quotes. Unfortunately in the case I pointed out in question, raw isn't completely convenient for backslashes.

              – Cyker
              Dec 10 '16 at 12:19











            • Raw is normally so you can put backlashes in them without them being interpreted by the parser part of an escape sequence. But as my answer points out you still need an a way to escape quotes. Triple quoting solves most use cases but there will still be times where you need to encode a triple quote in string and so he problem remains. Having an escape character is still required.

              – Nath
              Dec 10 '16 at 12:28














            1












            1








            1







            The limitation is due to the fact that you need someway to include a ' inside a raw. Otherwise there is no way to put bob said "I'm not hungry" in a string.



            So you end up in weird situation where you need an escape character for this case. So in raw strings you escape a ' with a and yes the stays in the string.



            So r'bob said "I'm not hungry"' it is!!






            share|improve this answer













            The limitation is due to the fact that you need someway to include a ' inside a raw. Otherwise there is no way to put bob said "I'm not hungry" in a string.



            So you end up in weird situation where you need an escape character for this case. So in raw strings you escape a ' with a and yes the stays in the string.



            So r'bob said "I'm not hungry"' it is!!







            share|improve this answer












            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer










            answered Dec 10 '16 at 12:15









            NathNath

            458311




            458311













            • raw is for the convenience of backslashes. If you want to include single/double quotes then you should use triple quotes. Unfortunately in the case I pointed out in question, raw isn't completely convenient for backslashes.

              – Cyker
              Dec 10 '16 at 12:19











            • Raw is normally so you can put backlashes in them without them being interpreted by the parser part of an escape sequence. But as my answer points out you still need an a way to escape quotes. Triple quoting solves most use cases but there will still be times where you need to encode a triple quote in string and so he problem remains. Having an escape character is still required.

              – Nath
              Dec 10 '16 at 12:28



















            • raw is for the convenience of backslashes. If you want to include single/double quotes then you should use triple quotes. Unfortunately in the case I pointed out in question, raw isn't completely convenient for backslashes.

              – Cyker
              Dec 10 '16 at 12:19











            • Raw is normally so you can put backlashes in them without them being interpreted by the parser part of an escape sequence. But as my answer points out you still need an a way to escape quotes. Triple quoting solves most use cases but there will still be times where you need to encode a triple quote in string and so he problem remains. Having an escape character is still required.

              – Nath
              Dec 10 '16 at 12:28

















            raw is for the convenience of backslashes. If you want to include single/double quotes then you should use triple quotes. Unfortunately in the case I pointed out in question, raw isn't completely convenient for backslashes.

            – Cyker
            Dec 10 '16 at 12:19





            raw is for the convenience of backslashes. If you want to include single/double quotes then you should use triple quotes. Unfortunately in the case I pointed out in question, raw isn't completely convenient for backslashes.

            – Cyker
            Dec 10 '16 at 12:19













            Raw is normally so you can put backlashes in them without them being interpreted by the parser part of an escape sequence. But as my answer points out you still need an a way to escape quotes. Triple quoting solves most use cases but there will still be times where you need to encode a triple quote in string and so he problem remains. Having an escape character is still required.

            – Nath
            Dec 10 '16 at 12:28





            Raw is normally so you can put backlashes in them without them being interpreted by the parser part of an escape sequence. But as my answer points out you still need an a way to escape quotes. Triple quoting solves most use cases but there will still be times where you need to encode a triple quote in string and so he problem remains. Having an escape character is still required.

            – Nath
            Dec 10 '16 at 12:28











            0














            Simple solution would be to use triple quotes. ex: r"""abc"hello'world""" . Even if you are using raw strings, escape sequences still work in some cases.






            share|improve this answer
























            • Just for reference, this doesn't work for the op's question. r"""""" the last " is escaped and the string would not be closed.

              – matt
              Nov 22 '18 at 8:45
















            0














            Simple solution would be to use triple quotes. ex: r"""abc"hello'world""" . Even if you are using raw strings, escape sequences still work in some cases.






            share|improve this answer
























            • Just for reference, this doesn't work for the op's question. r"""""" the last " is escaped and the string would not be closed.

              – matt
              Nov 22 '18 at 8:45














            0












            0








            0







            Simple solution would be to use triple quotes. ex: r"""abc"hello'world""" . Even if you are using raw strings, escape sequences still work in some cases.






            share|improve this answer













            Simple solution would be to use triple quotes. ex: r"""abc"hello'world""" . Even if you are using raw strings, escape sequences still work in some cases.







            share|improve this answer












            share|improve this answer



            share|improve this answer










            answered Dec 10 '16 at 11:56









            Subramanya VajirayaSubramanya Vajiraya

            17210




            17210













            • Just for reference, this doesn't work for the op's question. r"""""" the last " is escaped and the string would not be closed.

              – matt
              Nov 22 '18 at 8:45



















            • Just for reference, this doesn't work for the op's question. r"""""" the last " is escaped and the string would not be closed.

              – matt
              Nov 22 '18 at 8:45

















            Just for reference, this doesn't work for the op's question. r"""""" the last " is escaped and the string would not be closed.

            – matt
            Nov 22 '18 at 8:45





            Just for reference, this doesn't work for the op's question. r"""""" the last " is escaped and the string would not be closed.

            – matt
            Nov 22 '18 at 8:45


















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            Yusuf al-Mu'taman ibn Hud

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            Main article: Taifa of Zaragoza Al-Mu'taman Ruler of Zaragoza Reign 1081–1085 Predecessor Ahmad al-Muqtadir Successor Al-Mustain II Born Zaragoza Died 1085 Full name Yusuf ibn Ahmad al-Mu'taman ibn Hūd House Banu Hud Yusuf ibn Ahmad al-Mu'taman ibn Hūd (Arabic: المؤتمن بالله يوسف إبن أحمد إبن هود ‎, al-Mutaman bi l-Lah , died c. 1085) was the third king of the Banu Hud dynasty who ruled over the Taifa of Zaragoza from 1081 to 1085. Yusuf al-Mutaman reigned during the height of power of Muslim Zaragoza , following the thriving period of his father Ahmad al-Muqtadir. He continued his father's efforts and created around him a court of intellectuals, living in the beautiful palace of Aljafería, nicknamed as "the palace of joy". Al-Mu'taman was also a scholarly king and a patron of science, philosophy and arts. As an example of a wise king, he knew astrology, philosophy, and especially mathematics, a discipline in which
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            Zucchini

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            This article is about the vegetable. For other uses, see Zucchini (disambiguation). Zucchini (courgette) A striped and a uniform color zucchini Genus Cucurbita Species Cucurbita pepo Origin 19th century northern Italy The zucchini ( / z uː ˈ k iː n i / , American English) or courgette ( / k ʊər ˈ ʒ ɛ t / , British English) is a summer squash which can reach nearly 1 metre (100 cm; 39 in) in length, but is usually harvested when still immature at about 15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 in). [1] A zucchini is a thin-skinned cultivar of what in Britain and Ireland is referred to as a marrow. [2] [3] In South Africa, a zucchini is known as a baby marrow. Along with certain other squashes and pumpkins, the zucchini belongs to the species Cucurbita pepo . It can be dark or light green. A related hybrid, the golden zucchini, is a deep yellow or orange color. [4] In a culinary context, the zucchini is treated as a vegetable; it is usually cooked and presented as a savory dish o
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