Private Secretary to the Sovereign




The Private Secretary to the Sovereign is the senior operational member of the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom (as distinct from the Great Officers of the Household). The Private Secretary is the principal channel of communication between the monarch and the governments in each of the Commonwealth realms. They also have responsibility for the official programme and correspondence of the Sovereign. Through these roles the position wields considerable influence.


The office of Private Secretary was first established in 1805. The current Private Secretary is Edward Young who succeeded Sir Christopher Geidt in October 2017.




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Functions


    • 2.1 Liaison with the Government


    • 2.2 Security




  • 3 List of Private Secretaries to the Sovereign since 1805


    • 3.1 Deputy Private Secretaries to the Sovereign since 1972


    • 3.2 Assistant Private Secretaries to the Sovereign since 1878




  • 4 See also


  • 5 References





History


Colonel Herbert Taylor, who was appointed in 1805, is acknowledged as the first Private Secretary to the Sovereign. However, the office was not formally established until 1867. Constitutionally there was some opposition on the part of Ministers to the creation of an office which might grow to have considerable influence upon the Sovereign. However, it was soon realised that the Sovereign was in need of secretarial support, since his or her Ministers had ceased to provide daily advice and support with the growth of ministerial government. Queen Victoria did not have a Private Secretary until she appointed General the Honourable Charles Grey to the office in 1861; her husband Prince Albert had effectively been her secretary until his death.



Functions


The principal functions of the office are:



  • to act as a channel of communication between the Sovereign and his or her governments, and to advise the Sovereign on constitutional, political or governmental questions;

  • to organise the official programme of the Sovereign, and to ensure its acceptability to both the Sovereign and the Government; these duties including drafting speeches, maintaining liaison with other Households, the Royal Train, The Queen's Helicopter, No. 32 (The Royal) Squadron RAF, and the armed forces — the latter through the Defence Services Secretary; and

  • to deal with the Sovereign's official correspondence (including congratulatory messages), from members of the public, the Press Office, and the Court Circular; and also to deal with the Sovereign's private papers, the Royal Archives, and the monarchy's official website.


The position of Private Secretary is regarded as equivalent to that of the permanent secretary of a government department. The incumbent is always made a Privy Counsellor on appointment, and has customarily received a peerage upon retirement (a life peerage since 1972). Until 1965, peerages granted to Private Secretaries were hereditary baronies, with the exception of Lord Knollys, who was created a viscount in 1911. All Private Secretaries since the time of Lord Stamfordham have been created peers, with the exceptions of Sir Alexander Hardinge (inherited his father's barony in 1944), Sir Alan Lascelles (declined as he felt titles to be a show of self-importance) and Sir William Heseltine (who is an Australian).


The Private Secretary is head of only one of the several operational divisions of the Royal Household. However, he or she is involved in co-ordination between various parts of the Household, and has direct control over the Press Office, the Queen's Archives, and the office of the Defence Services Secretary.



Liaison with the Government


The Private Secretary is responsible for liaising with the Cabinet Secretary, the Privy Council Office (PCO), and the Ministry of Justice's Crown Office in relation to:



  • appointments that are formally made by the Sovereign;

  • the scheduling of the meetings of the Privy Council; and

  • the transmission of official documents that need to be signed by the Sovereign.



Security


Reporting to the Private Secretary is the role of Director for Security Liaison which was established following a recommendation of the Security Commission in 2004.[1] The post was first held by Brigadier Jeffrey Cook, OBE MC, who was in office 2004-2008. The Private Secretary has general oversight of security policy, though the Master of the Household is also involved, and the Keeper of the Privy Purse has responsibility for the ceremonial bodyguards, such as the Gentlemen at Arms and the Yeomen of the Guard.



List of Private Secretaries to the Sovereign since 1805






















































































































































Sovereign
Private Secretary
From
To

George III

Colonel Herbert Taylor
1805
1811

The Prince Regent
(George IV from 1820)
Colonel the Rt Hon. Sir John McMahon, Bt
1811
1817

Lieutenant-General Sir Benjamin Bloomfield, GCB (later Lord Bloomfield)
1817
1822
Sir William Knighton, Bt
1822
1830

William IV
Lieutenant-General Sir Herbert Taylor, GCB, GCH[2]
1830
1837

Victoria
The Rt Hon. the Viscount Melbourne, PC[2] (informally, while Prime Minister)
1837
1840

HRH The Prince Consort, KG, KT, KP, GCB, GCMG, KSI[2] (informally)
1840
1861
Colonel the Hon. Sir Charles Phipps, KCB[2]
1861
1866

General the Hon. Charles Grey[2]
1861
1870

Major-General the Rt Hon. Sir Henry Ponsonby, GCB[2]
1870
1895

Lieutenant-Colonel the Rt Hon. Sir Arthur Bigge, KCB, CMG (later Lord Stamfordham)[2]
1895
1901

Edward VII
The Rt Hon. the Lord Knollys, GCB, GCVO, KCMG, ISO (later Viscount Knollys)[2]
1901
1910

George V
1910
1913
Lieutenant-Colonel the Rt Hon. Lord Stamfordham, GCB, GCVO, GCIE, KCSI, KCMG, ISO
1910
1931

Colonel the Rt Hon. Sir Clive Wigram, GCB, GCVO, CSI (later Lord Wigram)
1931
1936

Edward VIII

Major the Rt Hon. Sir Alexander Hardinge, GCB, GCVO, MC (later Lord Hardinge of Penshurst)
1936
1936

George VI
1936
1943

Captain the Rt Hon. Sir Alan Lascelles, GCB, GCVO, CMG, MC
1943
1952

Elizabeth II
1952
1953
Lieutenant-Colonel the Rt Hon. Sir Michael Adeane, GCB, GCVO (later Lord Adeane)
1953
1972
Lieutenant-Colonel the Rt Hon. Sir Martin Charteris, GCB, GCVO, OBE (later Lord Charteris of Amisfield)
1972
1977
The Rt Hon. Sir Philip Moore, GCB, GCVO, CMG (later Lord Moore of Wolvercote)
1977
1986
The Rt Hon. Sir William Heseltine, GCB, GCVO, AC
1986
1990
The Rt Hon. Sir Robert Fellowes, GCB, GCVO (later Lord Fellowes)
1990
1999
The Rt Hon. Sir Robin Janvrin, GCB, GCVO (later Lord Janvrin)
1999
2007
The Rt Hon. Sir Christopher Geidt, GCB, GCVO, OBE (later Lord Geidt)
2007
2017
The Rt Hon. Edward Young, CVO
2017



Deputy Private Secretaries to the Sovereign since 1972
















































Deputy Private Secretary
From
To

Sir Philip Moore, KCVO, CB, CMG
1972
1977
Sir William Heseltine, KCVO, CB
1977
1986
Sir Robert Fellowes, KCVO, CB
1986
1990
Sir Kenneth Scott, KCVO, CMG
1990
1996
Sir Robin Janvrin, KCVO, CB
1996
1999

Mary Francis, CBE, LVO
February 1999
June 1999
Christopher Geidt, CVO, OBE
2005
2007

Edward Young, CVO
2007
2017


Assistant Private Secretaries to the Sovereign since 1878

























































































































































Assistant Private Secretary
From
To

Lieutenant-Colonel the Rt Hon. Sir Fleetwood Edwards, KCB
1878
1895

Colonel Sir Arthur Bigge, KCB
1880
1895
Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Frederick Ponsonby, KCB, KCVO
1895
1914
Colonel Sir Arthur Davidson, KCB, KCVO
1901
1910
Colonel Sir Clive Wigram, KCVO, CB, CSI
1910
1931

The Earl of Cromer
1916
1920

Major the Hon. Sir Alexander Hardinge, CB, CVO, MC
1920
1936

Sir Frank Mitchell, KCVO, CBE
1931
1937
Sir Alan Lascelles, KCVO, CB, CMG
1935
1943
Sir Godfrey Thomas, Bt, KCVO, CSI
1936
1936
Major Sir Michael Adeane, KCVO, CB
1936
1953
Sir Eric Mieville, KCIE KCVO, CSI, CMG
1937
1945
Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Edward Ford, GCVO, KCB, ERD, DL
1946
1967
Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Martin Charteris, KCVO, CB, OBE
1952
1972

Philip Moore, CMG
1966
1972

William Heseltine, CVO
1972
1977

Robert Fellowes, LVO
1977
1985
Sir Kenneth Scott, KCVO, CMG
1985
1990
Robin Janvrin, CVO
1990
1995
Mary Francis
1996
1999

Tim Hitchens, LVO
1999
2002

Kay Brock, LVO
1999
2002

Stuart Shilson, LVO
2001
2004
Christopher Geidt, OBE
2002
2005
Edward Young
2004
2007

Douglas King
2007
2012
Samantha Cohen
2010
2018
Tom Laing-Baker
2018
Date
Matt Magee
2018
Date


See also



  • Canadian Secretary to the Queen

  • Private Secretary



References




  1. ^ "Report of the Security Commission - May 2004" (PDF)..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ abcdefgh Chris Cook and Brendan Keith, British Historical Facts 1830-1800, Macmillan 1975, p. 107.








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