Kirstjen Nielsen




6th United States Secretary of Homeland Security

































































Kirstjen Nielsen
Kirstjen Nielsen official photo.jpg
6th United States Secretary of Homeland Security
Incumbent

Assumed office
December 6, 2017
President Donald Trump
Deputy
Elaine Duke
Claire Grady (acting)
Preceded by John F. Kelly
White House Principal Deputy Chief of Staff

In office
September 6, 2017 – December 6, 2017
President Donald Trump
Chief of Staff John F. Kelly
Preceded by Katie Walsh
Succeeded by James W. Carroll
Chief of Staff to the United States Secretary of Homeland Security

In office
January 20, 2017 – July 31, 2017
Secretary John F. Kelly
Preceded by Paul Rosen
Succeeded by Chad Wolf (acting)

Personal details
Born
Kirstjen Michele Nielsen


(1972-05-14) May 14, 1972 (age 46)
Colorado Springs, Colorado, U.S.
Education
Georgetown University (BS)
University of Virginia (JD)

Kirstjen Michele Nielsen (born May 14, 1972) is an American attorney and national security expert serving as the sixth and current United States Secretary of Homeland Security since 2017. She is a former Principal Deputy White House Chief of Staff to President Donald Trump and was chief of staff to John F. Kelly during his term as Secretary of Homeland Security. She was confirmed on December 5, 2017, as the Secretary of Homeland Security. Following her appointment, Nielsen implemented a policy of separating parents and children accused of crossing over the U.S.–Mexico border illegally.




Contents






  • 1 Early life and education


  • 2 Early career


  • 3 Initial positions during the presidency of Donald Trump


  • 4 U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security


    • 4.1 Tenure


      • 4.1.1 Family separation policy


      • 4.1.2 Tear-gassing of migrants at San Ysidro


      • 4.1.3 Migrant children's deaths in CBP custody






  • 5 See also


  • 6 References


  • 7 External links





Early life and education


Kirstjen Michele Nielsen was born on May 14, 1972, in Colorado Springs, Colorado, to Phyllis Michele Nielsen and James McHenry Nielsen, both United States Army physicians.[1] Nielsen's father is of Danish ancestry while her mother is of Italian descent. The oldest of three children, Nielsen has a sister, Ashley, and a brother, Fletcher. Following Nielsen's birth, the family relocated from Colorado Springs to Clearwater, Florida.[2]


Following high school, Nielsen attended the Georgetown School of Foreign Service, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree. She then attended the University of Virginia School of Law, receiving her Juris Doctorate in 1999.[3] She also studied Japanese studies at Nanzan University, in Nagoya, Japan.[4]



Early career


Nielsen served during the George W. Bush administration as Special Assistant to the President and as senior Director for Prevention, Preparedness and Response (PPR) at the White House Homeland Security Council. She also set up, and led as Assistant Administrator, the Transportation Security Administration's Office of Legislative Policy and Government Affairs. Before serving in the Trump administration, she was a senior member of the Resilience Task Force of the Center for Cyber & Homeland Security Committee at George Washington University and served on the Global Risks Report Advisory Board of the World Economic Forum.[3]


After leaving the Bush administration in 2008, Nielsen became the founder and President of Sunesis Consulting.[5] The firm's online profile listed her as its only employee, with the firm's phone number being Nielsen's personal cellphone.[6] In September 2013 the company won a federal contract, with an initial award of about $450,000, to "provide policy and legislation, technical writing, and organizational development" to the Federal Emergency Management Agency.[7]



Initial positions during the presidency of Donald Trump


Nielsen served as John F. Kelly's chief of staff at the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) after he assumed that position on January 20, 2017.[8][9] In early September 2017, just over a month after Kelly became White House Chief of Staff on July 31, 2017, Nielsen moved to the White House, becoming the principal Deputy Chief of Staff under Kelly.[10][11][9]



U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security




Kirstjen Nielsen taking the oath of office as the sixth U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security


On October 11, 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Nielsen to be the new United States Secretary of Homeland Security, replacing Acting Secretary Elaine Duke.[12][13] On December 5, 2017, the Senate confirmed her nomination, by a 62–37 vote.[14] On December 6, 2017, she was sworn in as Secretary of Homeland Security.[15][16]



Tenure


On January 16, 2018, Nielsen testified before the United States Senate in favor of merit, rather than family, based immigration.[17] She was questioned about an earlier meeting at the White House in which press reports and Senator Dick Durbin related that the President had used the word "shithole" to describe African countries, as well as disparaging remarks about Haiti.[18][19] Nielsen said, "I did not hear that word used, no sir," although she said she heard "tough language" that was impassioned.[19][20][21] During the same hearing, Senator Patrick Leahy asked her whether Norway was a predominantly white country. Nielsen appeared to hesitate before answering with, "I actually do not know that, sir." She added, "But I imagine that is the case."[22][23][24] Nielsen was criticized by Senator Cory Booker for not recalling or speaking out against Trump's disparaging remarks which Booker characterized as bigoted.[20][25] Following the hearing, Nielsen expressed her disappointment in the amount of attention being paid to the White House meeting.[26]


On March 23, 2018, it was reported that Nielsen agreed with the enactment of the Presidential Memorandum for the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security Regarding Military Service by Transgender Individuals.[27]


The New York Times reported in May 2018 that Nielsen considered resigning after President Trump berated her during a cabinet meeting for the purported failure to secure U.S. borders.[28] The journal reported that there was tension between Nielsen and Trump after she and other DHS officials resisted Trump's call to separate undocumented immigrant parents from their children while in custody.[28] The reporting was confirmed to Politico and Reuters by a source at the DHS.[29][30] Nielsen denied that she threatened to resign.[29]




Nielsen at a press conference during Super Bowl LII, February 2018


At a May 2018 congressional hearing, Nielsen said that she was unaware of the intelligence community's conclusion that Russia sought to interfere in the 2016 presidential election to help candidate Trump get elected. An assessment by the FBI, CIA and NSA in January 2017 was that the Russian preference was clearly to help Trump win; this assessment was mirrored in a bipartisan report by the Senate Intelligence Committee released days prior to Nielsen's testimony. Nielsen said that she had not seen the intelligence community briefing that Russia had tried to interfere in the 2016 election.[31] Nielsen later, in May 2018 backtracked, saying that she agreed with the intelligence community's assessment.[32]


In July 2018, Nielsen said there were no signs that Russia was targeting the 2018 midterm elections in the same "scale or scope" as it did in 2016.[33] At the Aspen Security Forum, Aspen, Colorado, during an interview by Peter Alexander of NBC on July 19, 2018, Nielsen stated that Russians had absolutely interfered in the United States Presidential Election in 2016. When Alexander asked if Russians had interfered in favor of Donald Trump, Nielsen responded, "I have not seen any evidence that the attempts to interfere in our election infrastructure was to favor a particular political party. I think what we have seen on the foreign influence side is they were attempting to intervene and cause chaos on both sides."[34][35][36] Prior to this on July 16, 2018, at the joint press conference in Helsinki after 2018 Russia-United States Summit, Jeff Mason from Reuters asked President Putin, "Did you want President Trump to win the election and did you direct any of your officials to help him do that?" Putin's response was: "Yes, I wanted him to win. Because he talked about bringing the U.S. Russia relationship back to normal."[37][38]


During the same interview at the Aspen Security Forum when Alexander further asked whether the president has made countering white supremacy a priority, Nielsen replied that he wanted the DHS to prevent "any form of violence" threatening Americans. Referring to President Trump's response to clashes between the white supremacists and counter-protesters at Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia on August 12, 2017, Alexander asked, "But in the comments that are obviously highly publicized when he [President Trump] placed blame in his words on both side, does that make your job harder when President says things that at least in those communities are viewed as he has got our [white supremacists'] back?" In her response Nielsen did not unequivocally denounce white supremacists. She said, "I think what is interesting about that is we saw, and I think we continue to learn— maybe there was different, whether it was foreign influence or different purposeful attempts to get both sides, if you will, aggressively pitted against each other." She later added that "it is not that one side is right, one side is wrong. Anybody that is advocating violence, we need to work to mitigate."[39][40][41]





U.S. Department of Justice, Department of Homeland Security, Department of Commerce and Federal Bureau of Investigation announces 23 criminal charges against PRC's Huawei and Wanzhou Meng


In October 2018, Nielsen said that China has become a major threat to the U.S. Nielsen also confirmed, in an answer to a question from a senator, that China is trying to influence U.S. elections.[42]


In January 2019, Nielsen, Acting Attorney General Matthew Whitaker, Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross, and FBI Director Christopher Wray announces 23 criminal charges (including financial fraud, money laundering, conspiracy to defraud the United States, theft of trade secret technology, provided bonus to workers who stole confidential information from companies around the world, wire fraud, obstruction of justice and sanctions violations) against Chinese tech giant Huawei and its CFO Meng Wanzhou.[43][44][45][46]



Family separation policy




Nielsen, Secretary Pompeo, Secretary Mnuchin and Advisor Kushner with Mexican President- Elect López Obrador, July 13, 2018


Main article: Trump administration family separation policy

At a congressional hearing on May 15, 2018, Nielsen testified that she would enforce the then-newly enacted[47] Trump administration policy of separating parents and children who crossed over the U.S.–Mexico border, noting that similar separations happened in criminal courts "every day."[48]


In June 2018, Nielsen stated that the Trump administration did not maintain a policy of separating migrant families at the Southern border;[49][50][51]The Washington Post fact-checker described Nielsen's claim as "Orwellian."[52] At that point, the Trump administration had in six weeks separated approximately 2,000 migrant children from their parents.[50] Contrary to Nielsen's claims, the DHS website showed that a policy of family separation was in place.[49]


On June 18, 2018, Nielsen defended the policy at a sheriffs' conference but said the administration had asked Congress "to allow us to keep families together while they are detained" as an alternative. "We cannot detain children with their parents so we must either release both the parents and the children – this is the historic 'get out of jail free' practice of the previous administration – or the adult and the minor will be separated as the result of prosecuting the adult. Those are the only two options. Surely it is the beginning of the unraveling of democracy when the body who makes the laws, rather than changing them, asks the body who enforces the laws not to enforce the laws. That cannot be the answer."[53] Three days earlier, the DHS said that it had separated 1,995 immigrant children from 1,940 adults, which it described as "alleged adult parents," at the border between mid-April and the end of May. Because the law forbids children from being kept in criminal detention facilities, they are separated from their parents.[54]


Nielsen held a press briefing with White House spokesperson Sarah Huckabee Sanders in June 2018 amid growing public outcry about the family separation policy.[55] Nielsen accused the media and member of Congress of mischaracterizing the administration's policy.[55] She dismissed the suggestion that the administration was using family separations as political leverage to force Congress to support Trump's broader immigration agenda or to deter migrants from coming to the United States.[55] In doing so, she contradicted comments made earlier by Attorney General Jeff Sessions, Chief of Staff John Kelly and senior adviser Stephen Miller.[55]




Nielsen with Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto, October 4, 2018


On June 20, 2018, after repeatedly arguing that the administration could not sign an Executive Order to end family separations, she was present at Trump's signing of an Executive Order ending his "zero-tolerance" policy of separating of children from families.[56][1] Sources told Politico that Nielsen had privately pushed for this executive order behind the scenes while at the same time saying publicly that the executive order could not be created.[1]



Tear-gassing of migrants at San Ysidro


On Sunday, November 25, 2018, there was an incident at the San Ysidro border crossing between California and Mexico. Groups of Central American migrants tried to forcibly cross the border into the United States. Some of them threw rocks at US Border Patrol agents, who responded by firing tear gas into the crowd which included families with small children.[57][58][59] The use of tear gas in this situation was strongly criticized, especially when a photograph of a woman and two small children being tear gassed went viral. The firing of tear gas across the international border into Mexico was immediately protested by the Foreign Ministry of Mexico, which demanded a full investigation.[60]


In a statement Nielsen said that this caravan had acted violently in the past and "I refuse to believe that anyone honestly maintains that attacking law enforcement with rocks and projectiles is acceptable."[61] She added that in some cases the women and children in the caravan were being used by the organizers as "human shields" when they confronted law enforcement.[61] She asserted "at this point we have confirmed that there are over 600 convicted criminals traveling with the caravan flow."[61] An earlier "Fact Sheet" about the caravan, released by the DHS, had stated that "over 270 individuals along the caravan route have criminal histories" and that "Mexican officials have also publicly stated that criminal groups have infiltrated the caravan." It also asserted that the caravan included individuals from more than 20 countries.[62] However, that statement was challenged by a Washington Post fact checker, who said it was oddly worded in such a way as to suggest the people referenced were not actually part of the caravan.[63]



Migrant children's deaths in CBP custody


Jakelin Caal, a 7-year-old girl from Guatemala, died in the custody of US Customs and Border Protection (CBP), an agency of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), on December 8, 2018.[64][65] A few weeks later on Christmas Eve, December 24, 2018, Felipe Gómez Alonso, an 8-year-old boy from Guatemala died in the custody of CBP.[66][67] In a formal statement[68] released on December 26, 2018, Kirstjen M. Nielsen called the death "deeply concerning and heartbreaking" tragedy and cited U.S. immigration system failings for a growing border crisis. She said she had ordered her agency to bolster medical screenings of children at the southwest border and had enlisted the medical corps of the United States Coast Guard to provide an assessment of CBP's medical programs. The secretary also said that she would travel to the border to personally observe the screenings. Nielsen said that the changing immigration dynamic had been spurred by "an immigration system that rewards parents for sending their children across the border alone," without requiring the adults to face "consequences for their actions."[68][69][66] In the same statement[68] released on December 26, 2018, Nielsen added, "Smugglers, traffickers, and their own parents put these minors at risk by embarking on the dangerous and arduous journey north. [...] As a result of bad judicial rulings from activist judges and inaction by Congress, we are seeing a flood of family units and unaccompanied alien children."[68]



See also


  • List of female United States Cabinet Secretaries


References





  1. ^ abc "'That's Not the Kirstjen We Know'". POLITICO Magazine. Retrieved July 2, 2018..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


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  8. ^
    "Kirstjen Nielson". Center for Homeland Security, George Washington University. Archived from the original on September 7, 2017. Retrieved September 9, 2017. Kirstjen Nielsen is an expert in homeland and national security policy, strategy, and assessment, with a focus in the areas of critical infrastructure protection, including cyber security, preparedness, response and incident management, information sharing, risk assessment, trend analysis and risk management, organizational development, stakeholder requirement analysis, outreach and communication, and training and exercise programs.


  9. ^ ab
    "President Donald J. Trump Announces White House Appointments". The White House. September 6, 2017. Archived from the original on September 8, 2017. Retrieved September 9, 2017. Kirstjen M. Nielsen of Florida will serve as Assistant to the President and Principal Deputy Chief of Staff. Ms. Nielsen formerly served as Chief of Staff of the Department of Homeland Security.


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  11. ^
    "Kelly bringing DHS deputy to the White House". Fox News Channel. July 29, 2017. Archived from the original on September 3, 2017. Retrieved September 9, 2017. Kirstjen Nielsen, who has served as chief of staff under Kelly at DHS, will follow her boss to the White House, a Trump administration official told Fox News.


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  20. ^ ab Ella Nielson, January 16, 2018, VOX, “Your silence and your amnesia is complicity”: Sen. Cory Booker blasts a top White House official for disputing Trump’s “shithole” comments. Archived January 17, 2018, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved January 16, 2018, "...."It is deeply troubling that in your opening comments, when you talk about the threats to our nation, our homeland, to national security, that you failed to mention a report that outlined a very specific threat to us..."


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  27. ^ Thomas, Ken (March 23, 2018). "Trump order would ban most transgender troops from serving".


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  33. ^ "US Official: Russia Using Social Media to Divide Americans". NBC 5 Dallas-Fort Worth. Retrieved July 15, 2018.


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  45. ^ "Chinese Telecommunications Device Manufacturer and its U.S. Affiliate Indicted for Theft of Trade Secrets, Wire Fraud, and Obstruction of Justice". U.S. Department of Justice. January 28, 2019.


  46. ^ "Chinese Telecommunications Conglomerate Huawei and Huawei CFO Wanzhou Meng Charged With Financial Fraud". U.S. Department of Justice. January 28, 2019.


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  59. ^ Averbuch, Maya; Malkin, Elisabeth (November 25, 2018). "Migrants in Tijuana Run to U.S. Border, but Fall Back in Face of Tear Gas". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 30 December 2018.


  60. ^ Specia, Megan; Gladstone, Rick (November 28, 2018). "Border Agents Shot Tear Gas into Mexico. Was It Legal?". The New York Times. Retrieved December 31, 2018.


  61. ^ abc "Department of Homeland Security". facebook.com. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
    [non-primary source needed][non-primary source needed]


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  63. ^ Kessler, Glenn (November 9, 2018). "The Trump administration's fuzzy math on 'criminals' in the caravan". The Washington Post. "The Washington Post". Retrieved December 30, 2018.


  64. ^ Nixon, Ron (December 14, 2018). "Migrant Girl's 'Horrific, Tragic' Death Is Not Its Responsibility, White House Says". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 29 December 2018.


  65. ^ Caldwell, Alicia (December 14, 2018). "U.S. Investigating Death of Guatemalan Girl". The Wall Street Journal. "Wall Street Journal". Retrieved December 29, 2018.


  66. ^ ab Jordan, Miriam (December 26, 2018). "'A Breaking Point': Second Child's Death Prompts New Procedures for Border Agency". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 29 December 2018.


  67. ^ Frosch, Dan (December 26, 2018). "Homeland Security Steps Up Medical Services for Migrants After Two Children Die". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved December 29, 2018.


  68. ^ abcd "Secretary Kirstjen M. Nielsen Statement on Passing of Eight Year Old Guatemalan Child". Department of Homeland Security. December 26, 2018. Retrieved 29 December 2018.


  69. ^ "DHS chief slams immigration system in wake of 2nd migrant child death, orders more medical exams of kids in custody". USA Today. Retrieved 29 December 2018.




External links







  • Homeland Security biography


  • Appearances on C-SPAN





















Political offices
Preceded by
John F. Kelly
United States Secretary of Homeland Security
2017–present
Incumbent

U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by
Robert Wilkie
as Secretary of Veterans Affairs
Order of Precedence of the United States
as Secretary of Homeland Security
 Succeeded by
John F. Kelly
as White House Chief of Staff

U.S. presidential line of succession
Preceded by
Robert Wilkie
as Secretary of Veterans Affairs
17th in line
as Secretary of Homeland Security
Last













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Tangent Lines Diagram Along Smooth Curve

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7 1 I am trying to replicate a diagram and have a minimal example. I don't know how to add additional tangents between the specified points and preserve smoothness. documentclass{article} usepackage{tikz} usetikzlibrary{calc,intersections} begin{document} begin{tikzpicture} % Axes draw [->, name path=x] (-1,0) -- (11,0) node [right] {$x$}; draw [->] (0,-1) -- (0,6) node [above] {$y$}; % Origin node at (0,0) [below left] {$0$}; % Points coordinate (start) at (1,-0.8); coordinate (c1) at (3,3); coordinate (c2) at (5.5,1.5); coordinate (c3) at (8,4); coordinate (end) at (10.5,-0.8); % show the points foreach n in {start,c1,c2,c3,end} fill [black] (n) circle (2pt) node [below] {}; % join the coordinates draw [thick,name path=curve] (start) to[out=70,in=180] (c1) to[out=0,in=180]
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Yusuf al-Mu'taman ibn Hud

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Main article: Taifa of Zaragoza Al-Mu'taman Ruler of Zaragoza Reign 1081–1085 Predecessor Ahmad al-Muqtadir Successor Al-Mustain II Born Zaragoza Died 1085 Full name Yusuf ibn Ahmad al-Mu'taman ibn Hūd House Banu Hud Yusuf ibn Ahmad al-Mu'taman ibn Hūd (Arabic: المؤتمن بالله يوسف إبن أحمد إبن هود ‎, al-Mutaman bi l-Lah , died c. 1085) was the third king of the Banu Hud dynasty who ruled over the Taifa of Zaragoza from 1081 to 1085. Yusuf al-Mutaman reigned during the height of power of Muslim Zaragoza , following the thriving period of his father Ahmad al-Muqtadir. He continued his father's efforts and created around him a court of intellectuals, living in the beautiful palace of Aljafería, nicknamed as "the palace of joy". Al-Mu'taman was also a scholarly king and a patron of science, philosophy and arts. As an example of a wise king, he knew astrology, philosophy, and especially mathematics, a discipline in which
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Zucchini

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This article is about the vegetable. For other uses, see Zucchini (disambiguation). Zucchini (courgette) A striped and a uniform color zucchini Genus Cucurbita Species Cucurbita pepo Origin 19th century northern Italy The zucchini ( / z uː ˈ k iː n i / , American English) or courgette ( / k ʊər ˈ ʒ ɛ t / , British English) is a summer squash which can reach nearly 1 metre (100 cm; 39 in) in length, but is usually harvested when still immature at about 15 to 25 cm (6 to 10 in). [1] A zucchini is a thin-skinned cultivar of what in Britain and Ireland is referred to as a marrow. [2] [3] In South Africa, a zucchini is known as a baby marrow. Along with certain other squashes and pumpkins, the zucchini belongs to the species Cucurbita pepo . It can be dark or light green. A related hybrid, the golden zucchini, is a deep yellow or orange color. [4] In a culinary context, the zucchini is treated as a vegetable; it is usually cooked and presented as a savory dish o
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