Hawaii County, Hawaii




County in the United States

































































Hawaii County, Hawaii

Shipman House, Hilo.jpg
W. H. Shipman House


Seal of Hawaii County, Hawaii
Seal

Map of Hawaii highlighting Hawaii County
Location within the U.S. state of Hawaii

Map of the United States highlighting Hawaii
Hawaii's location within the U.S.
Founded 1905
Government
• Mayor

Harry Kim
Seat Hilo
Largest city Hilo
Area
 • Total 5,086.70 sq mi (13,174 km2)
 • Land 4,028.02 sq mi (10,433 km2)
 • Water 1,058.69 sq mi (2,742 km2), ?%
Population (est.)
 • (2016) 198,449
 • Density 46/sq mi (17.7/km2)
Congressional district 2nd
Time zone
Hawaii–Aleutian: UTC−10
Website www.hawaiicounty.gov

Hawaiʻi County is a county in the U.S. state of Hawaii in the Hawaiian Islands. It is coterminous with the Island of Hawaiʻi, often called the "Big Island" to distinguish it from the state as a whole. As of the 2010 Census the population was 185,079. The county seat is Hilo. There are no incorporated cities in Hawaiʻi County (see Hawaii Counties). The Hilo Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Hawaiʻi County. Hawaiʻi County has a mayor-council form of government. Hawaii County is the largest county in the state in terms of geography.


The mayor of Hawaii County is Harry Kim, who took office in 2016. Legislative authority is vested in a nine-member Hawaii County Council.


Hawaii County is one of seven counties in the United States to share the same name as the state they are in (the other six are Arkansas County, Idaho County, Iowa County, New York County, Oklahoma County, and Utah County).[1]




Contents






  • 1 Geography


    • 1.1 Major Highways


    • 1.2 Adjacent county




  • 2 Demographics


  • 3 Government and infrastructure


    • 3.1 County government


    • 3.2 State government




  • 4 Localities


    • 4.1 Census-designated places


    • 4.2 Other communities


    • 4.3 National protected areas




  • 5 Economy


    • 5.1 Top employers




  • 6 Sister cities


  • 7 References


  • 8 External links





Geography


Main article: Hawaii (island)

Hawaiʻi County has a total area of 5,086.70 square miles (13,174.5 km2); 4,028.02 square miles (10,432.5 km2) is land and 1,058.69 square miles (2,742.0 km2) is water[2] (mostly all off the ocean shoreline but counted in the total area by the U.S. Census Bureau). The county's land area comprises 62.7 percent of the state's land area. It is the highest percentage by any county in the United States. (Delaware's Sussex County comes in second at 48.0 percent, while Rhode Island's Providence County is third at 39.55 percent.)



Major Highways




  • Route 11


  • Route 19


  • Route 130


  • Route 132


  • Route 137


  • Route 190


  • Route 200


  • Route 250


  • Route 270


  • Route 2000



Adjacent county



  • Maui County - northwest


Demographics





Lehua blossoms (ʻōhiʻa lehua), Hawaiʻi





Green turtle on an old lava flow and Hawaiian temple at background in Kona


As of 2010[update], the island had a resident population of 185,079.[3] There were 64,382 households in the county. The population density was 17.7/km² (45.9/mi²). There were 82,324 housing units at an average density of 8/km² (20/mi²). The racial makeup of the county was 34.5% White, 0.7% African American, 22.6% Asian, 12.4% Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, and 29.2% from two or more races; 11.8% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race. The largest ancestry groups were:




  • 9.8% Japanese

  • 9.6% German

  • 8.6% Filipino

  • 8.5% Native Hawaiian

  • 8.3% Portuguese

  • 6.9% Irish

  • 5.7% English

  • 5.1% Puerto Rican

  • 3.2% Mexican

  • 2.5% French

  • 2.2% Italian

  • 1.9% Spanish

  • 1.7% Scottish

  • 1.5% Scotch-Irish

  • 1.5% Swedish

  • 1.1% Polish

  • 1.1% Dutch

  • 1.0% Norwegian




Government and infrastructure







































































































Hawaii County vote
by party in presidential elections[4]
Year
Republican
Democratic
 Others

2016
 26.98% 17,501
63.61% 41,259
 9.41% 6,107

2012
 23.25% 14,753
74.42% 47,224
 2.33% 1,477

2008
 22.22% 14,866
75.94% 50,819
 1.84% 1,231

2004
 38.18% 22,032
60.86% 35,116
 0.96% 554

2000
 33.52% 17,050
56.37% 28,670
 10.10% 5,140

1996
 27.60% 13,516
55.66% 27,262
 16.74% 8,199

1992
 30.36% 15,460
50.52% 25,725
 19.11% 9,731

1988
 41.00% 17,125
57.68% 24,091
 1.32% 552

1984
52.90% 20,707
 45.64% 17,866
 1.46% 570

1980
 39.73% 14,247
49.16% 17,630
 11.11% 3,984

1976
 48.37% 15,366
50.24% 15,960
 1.38% 439

1972
59.09% 16,832
 40.91% 11,652

1968
 37.41% 9,625
61.49% 15,819
 1.10% 283

1964
 19.87% 4,962
80.13% 20,011

1960
51.46% 12,251
 48.54% 11,557


County government


Executive authority is vested in the mayor of Hawaii County, who is elected for a four-year term. Since 2004, the election by the voters has been on a nonpartisan basis. In 2016, Harry Kim was elected mayor, succeeding Billy Kenoi, who had served a two-term limit.[5] Legislative authority is vested in a nine-member County Council. Each member represents a geographical region of the island, which closely correlates to one of the nine tax map districts of Hawaiʻi County. Members of the County Council are elected on a nonpartisan basis to two-year terms, with the latest election occurring in November 2016. As of December 2016, Hawaii County Council has a female supermajority for the first time, with six women and three men.[6]


Administrative districts were originally based on the traditional land divisions called Moku of Ancient Hawaii. Some more heavily populated districts have since been split into North and South districts to make them more comparable on a population basis.


The number following each district is the Tax Map Key (TMK) number, used to locate state property information. They are assigned in a counter-clockwise order beginning on the eastern side of the island.[7]


















































































Nr. District Area
mi²
 Population
2000		 moku Map
1 Puna 499.45 31335 Puna
District subdivision of Hawaii County
2 South Hilo 394.38 47386
Hilo
3 North Hilo 370.65 1720 Hilo
4 Hamakua 580.50 6108 Hāmākua
5 North Kohala 132.92 6038 Kohala
6 South Kohala 351.72 13131 Kohala
7 North Kona 489.01 28543 Kona
8 South Kona 335.38 8589 Kona
9 Kaʻū 922.22 5827 Kaʻū
  Hawaiʻi County 4028.02 148677 6 moku

County council districts do not directly match the property tax districts because of the variation in the population density of voters in urban areas to rural areas; Hilo & Kailua (Kailua-Kona) towns are densely populated areas, while other districts such as Kaʻū, Puna, Hāmakua, and North & South Kohala are more sparsely populated.[8]


Several government functions are administered at the county level that are at the state or municipal level in other states. For example, the county has its own office of liquor control.[9]



State government


Hawaii Department of Public Safety previously operated the Kulani Correctional Facility in Hawaii County, on the Island of Hawaii.[10] In 2009, the Hawaii Department of Public Safety announced that Kulani Correctional Facility would close.[11]



Localities

























































































Historical population
Census Pop.
%±
1900 46,843 —
1910 55,382 18.2%
1920 64,895 17.2%
1930 73,325 13.0%
1940 73,276 −0.1%
1950 68,350 −6.7%
1960 61,332 −10.3%
1970 63,468 3.5%
1980 92,053 45.0%
1990 120,317 30.7%
2000 148,677 23.6%
2010 185,079 24.5%
Est. 2016 198,449 [12] 7.2%
U.S. Decennial Census[13]
Historical Population 1900-90[14]


Census-designated places




  • Ainaloa

  • Captain Cook

  • Eden Roc

  • Fern Acres

  • Fern Forest

  • Halaula

  • Hawaiian Acres

  • Hawaiian Beaches

  • Hawaiian Ocean View

  • Hawaiian Paradise Park

  • Hawi

  • Hilo

  • Holualoa

  • Honalo

  • Honaunau-Napoopoo

  • Honokaa

  • Honomu

  • Kahaluu-Keauhou

  • Kailua

  • Kalaoa

  • Kapaau

  • Keaau

  • Kealakekua

  • Keokea

  • Kukuihaele

  • Kurtistown

  • Laupahoehoe

  • Leilani Estates

  • Mountain View

  • Naalehu

  • Nanawale Estates

  • Orchidlands Estates

  • Paauilo

  • Pahala

  • Pahoa

  • Papaikou

  • Pepeekeo

  • Paukaa

  • Puako

  • Volcano

  • Waikoloa Village

  • Waimea

  • Wainaku

  • Waiohinu




Other communities



  • Ahualoa

  • Hakalau



National protected areas



  • Ala Kahakai National Historic Trail

  • Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge

  • Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park

  • Honokōhau Settlement and Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park

  • Kona Forest National Wildlife Refuge

  • Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park

  • Puʻukoholā Heiau National Historic Site



Economy



Top employers


According to the County's 2010 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[15] the top employers in the county are:


























































#
 Employer
 # of Employees
1
State of Hawaii
 8,115
2
Hawaii County
 2,745
3
United States Government
 1,364
4
Hilton Waikoloa Village
 984
5
Wal-Mart
 852
6
KTA Super Stores
 800
7
Mauna Kea Beach Hotel
 685
8
The Fairmont Orchid
 577
9
Four Seasons Resort Hualalai
 562
10
Hapuna Beach Prince Hotel
 487


Sister cities


Hawaii County has 10 sisters:[16]




  • TaiwanHualien City, Taiwan (1971)


  • ChileLa Serena, Chile (1994)


  • PhilippinesLegazpi City, Philippines (1970)


  • JapanNago City, Okinawa, Japan (1986)


  • JapanIzu Ōshima, Japan (1962)


  • PortugalSao Miguel Island, Portugal (1980)


  • JapanShibukawa, Gunma, Japan (1997) [17]


  • JapanSumoto, Hyōgo, Japan (2000)


  • AustraliaTasmania, Australia (1997)


  • JapanYurihama, Tottori, Japan (1996)



References





  1. ^ Joseph Nathan Kane; Charles Curry Aiken (2005). The American Counties: Origins of County Names, Dates of Creation, and Population Data, 1950-2000. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-5036-1..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files: Counties". United States Census. Archived from the original on 2011-05-12. Retrieved 2011-02-13.


  3. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2014-06-28.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)


  4. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved May 26, 2017.


  5. ^ "Office of the Mayor". official web site. County of Hawaii. Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2010-03-27.


  6. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2017-12-28. Retrieved 2017-12-28.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)


  7. ^ Hawaii County: 2000[permanent dead link]


  8. ^ "Hawaiʻi County Council". official web site. Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2010-03-27.


  9. ^ "Office of Liquor Control". Hawaii County web site. Archived from the original on November 23, 2010. Retrieved December 25, 2010.


  10. ^ "Kulani Correctional Facility." Hawaii Department of Public Safety. Retrieved on September 30, 2010.


  11. ^ "Closure of Kulani Saves $2.8M Annually; Facility to Help At-Risk Youth." Hawaii Department of Public Safety. July 2009. Retrieved on September 30, 2010.


  12. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.


  13. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". Archived from the original on 2006-02-08. Retrieved 2017-12-09.


  14. ^ Hawaii Historical Population 1900-1990


  15. ^ County of Hawaii CAFR Archived 2011-09-29 at the Wayback Machine


  16. ^ State of Hawaii’s Sister States/Cities A Report to the Hawaii State Legislature 2006


  17. ^ "Hula and economy bind Hawaii, Shibukawa sister cities". Big Island Video News. Retrieved 2015-05-02.




External links








  • Official Hawaii County website

  • Volcanoes National Park

  • Economic background from the Revision of the Hawaii County General Plan


  • Media related to Hawaii (island) at Wikimedia Commons


Coordinates: 19°35′N 155°30′W / 19.583°N 155.500°W / 19.583; -155.500













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