Wheel arrangement




In rail transport, a wheel arrangement or wheel configuration is a system of classifying the way in which wheels are distributed under a locomotive.[1] Several notations exist to describe the wheel assemblies of a locomotive by type, position, and connections, with the adopted notations varying by country. Within a given country, different notations may also be employed for different kinds of locomotives, such as steam, electric, and diesel powered.


Especially in steam days, wheel arrangement was an important attribute of a locomotive because there were many different types of layout adopted, each wheel being optimised for a different use (often with only some being actually "driven"). Modern diesel and electric locomotives are much more uniform, usually with all axles driven.




Contents






  • 1 Major notation schemes


  • 2 Comparison of wheel arrangements and wheel picture


  • 3 See also


  • 4 References





Major notation schemes






The main notations are the Whyte notation (based on counting the wheels), the AAR wheel arrangement notation (based on counting either the axles or the bogies), and the UIC classification of locomotive axle arrangements (based on counting either the axles or the bogies).


Whyte notation is generally used for steam locomotives throughout the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom and Ireland. For diesels and electrics, North America uses the AAR wheel arrangement scheme while British practice uses a slightly simplified form of the European UIC classification scheme (except for small diesel shunters, where Whyte notation is used).


In mainland Europe, the UIC classification scheme is generally used for all locomotive types including steam, with some exceptions. In France, the UIC classification is used for diesels and electrics while a scheme similar to the Whyte notation, but counting axles insteads of wheels, is used for steam locomotives. Notably, Switzerland had its own separate notation system until 1989, with the Swiss locomotive and railcar classification now only retained for its narrow gauge railways.




  • AAR wheel arrangement - Used largely throughout the US and Canada for diesel and electric locomotives.


  • UIC classification - Used in mainland Europe for all locomotive types. Used in the UK for electric and large diesel locomotives.


  • Whyte notation - Used in North America, the UK and Ireland for steam locomotives, and for shunters (US: switchers) in the UK.



Comparison of wheel arrangements and wheel picture



























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































VDEV/VMEV/UIC-System
Whyte-Notation
American name
picture scheme
locomotive front is to the left
A1

0-2-2

Oo
A2

0-2-4

Ooo
1A

2-2-0
Planet
oO
1A1

2-2-2
Patentee
oOo
1A2

2-2-4

oOoo
2′A

4-2-0
Crampton, Norris, Jervis
ooO
2′A1

4-2-2
Single Driver
ooOo
2A2

4-2-4

ooOoo
3A

6-2-0
Crampton
oooO
N/A

0-3-0

OOO
B

0-4-0
Four-Wheel-Switcher
OO
B1

0-4-2

OOo
B2′

0-4-4
Forney
OOoo
B3′

0-4-6

OOooo
1B

2-4-0
Hanscom
oOO
1′B1′

2-4-2
Columbia
oOOo
1B2′

2-4-4

oOOoo
1B3′

2-4-6

oOOooo
2′B

4-4-0
American, Eight-Wheeler
ooOO
2′B1′

4-4-2
Atlantic
ooOOo
2′B2′

4-4-4
Jubilee
ooOOoo
2′B3′

4-4-6

ooOOooo
C

0-6-0
Six-Wheel-Switcher
OOO
C1

0-6-2

OOOo
C2′

0-6-4

OOOoo
1′C

2-6-0
Mogul
oOOO

1′C1′

2-6-2
Prairie
oOOOo
1′C2′

2-6-4
Adriatic
oOOOoo
1′C3′

2-6-6

oOOOooo
2′C

4-6-0
Ten-Wheeler
ooOOO
2′C1′

4-6-2
Pacific
ooOOOo
2′C2′

4-6-4
Hudson, Baltic
ooOOOoo
D

0-8-0
Eight-Wheel-Switcher
OOOO
D1

0-8-2

OOOOo
D2′

0-8-4

OOOOoo
D3′

0-8-6

OOOOooo
1′D

2-8-0
Consolidation
oOOOO
1′D1′

2-8-2
Mikado
oOOOOo
1′D1′

2-8-2T
MacArthur
oOOOOo
(1′D1′)(1′D1′)

2-8-2+2-8-2
Double Mikado, Garrett
oOOOOo+oOOOOo
1′D2′

2-8-4
Berkshire
oOOOOoo
1′D3′

2-8-6

oOOOOooo
2′D

4-8-0
Twelve-Wheeler, Mastodon
ooOOOO
2′D1′

4-8-2
Mountain, Mohawk (NYC)
ooOOOOo
2′D2′

4-8-4
Northern, General Service (SP), Golden State (SP), Niagara (NYC), Wyoming
ooOOOOoo
2D3

4-8-6

ooOOOOooo
3′D3′

6-8-6

nameless (Pennsylvania Railroad Steam Turbine)
oooOOOOooo
E

0-10-0
Ten-Wheel Switcher
OOOOO
E1′

0-10-2
Union
OOOOOo
1′E

2-10-0
Decapod
oOOOOO
2′E

4-10-0
Mastodon
ooOOOOO
1′E1′

2-10-2
Santa Fe
oOOOOOo
1′E2′

2-10-4
Texas
oOOOOOoo
2′E1′

4-10-2
Southern Pacific, Overland
ooOOOOOo
F

0-12-0
Pennsylvania, Twelve-Wheel-Switcher
OOOOOO
1′F

2-12-0
Centipede
oOOOOOO
1′F1′

2-12-2
Javanic
oOOOOOOo
2′F1′

4-12-2
Union Pacific
ooOOOOOOo
2′G2′

4-14-4

ooOOOOOOOoo

nameless (AA)

0-2-2-0

O O
B′B

0-4-4-0

nameless (Mallet)
OO OO
B′B1

0-4-4-2

nameless (Mallet)
OO OOo
2′BB2′

4-4-4-4

nameless (Pennsylvania Railroad Duplex)
ooOO OOoo
3′BB3′

6-4-4-6

oooOO OOooo
2′CB2′

4-6-4-4

nameless (Pennsylvania Railroad Duplex)
ooOOO OOoo
C′C

0-6-6-0
Erie (Mallet)
OOO OOO
(1′C)C

2-6-6-0

nameless (Mallet)
oOOO OOO
(1′C)C1′

2-6-6-2
Mallet Mogul (SP), Prairie Mallet (ATSF)
oOOO OOOo
(1′C)C2′

2-6-6-4

nameless (Simple articulated)
oOOO OOOoo
(2′C)C2′

4-6-6-4

Challenger (Simple articulated)
ooOOO OOOoo
(1′C)C3′

2-6-6-6
Allegheny (Mallet/Simple articulated)
oOOO OOOooo
D′D

0-8-8-0
Angus (Mallet)
OOOO OOOO
(1′D)D

2-8-8-0
Bullmoose (Mallet)
oOOOO OOOO
(1′D)D1′

2-8-8-2
Chesapeake, Mallet consolidation (Mallet)
oOOOO OOOOo
(1′D)D2′

2-8-8-4
Yellowstone (Mallet/Simple articulated)
oOOOO OOOOoo
(2′D)D1′

4-8-8-2

Cab Forward (Simple articulated)
ooOOOO OOOOo
(2′D)D2′

4-8-8-4

Big Boy (Simple articulated)
ooOOOO OOOOoo
(1′E)E1′

2-10-10-2
Virginian (Mallet)
oOOOOO+OOOOOo
(2′C1′)(1′C2′)

4-6-2+2-6-4
Double Pacific (Garratt)
ooOOOo+oOOOoo
(2′C2′)(2′C2′)

4-6-4+4-6-4
Double Hudson (Garratt)
ooOOOoo+ooOOOoo
(2′D)(D2′)

4-8-0+0-8-4
Double Mastodon (Garratt)
ooOOOO+OOOOoo
(2′D1′)(1′D2′)

4-8-2+2-8-4
Double Mountain (Garratt)
ooOOOOo+oOOOOoo
(2′D2′)(2′D2′)

4-8-4+4-8-4
Double Northern (Garratt)
ooOOOOoo+ooOOOOoo


See also






  • Co-Co locomotives


References





  1. ^ "Wheel Arrangements". Railway Technical Web Pages. 1 August 2011. Retrieved 1 August 2011..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}









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