Pennine Alps












































Pennine Alps

French: Alpes Pennines, Alpes valaisannes, German: Walliser Alpen, Italian: Alpi Pennine, Latin: Alpes Poeninae

Valais Alps.jpg
View of Pennine Alps from Riederalp

Highest point
Peak Dufourspitze
Elevation 4,634 m (15,203 ft)
Coordinates
45°56′12″N 7°52′00″E / 45.93667°N 7.86667°E / 45.93667; 7.86667
Geography

Alps locator map (Walliser Alpen).png
Pennine Alps (red)

Countries
Switzerland and Italy
Canton/Regions
Valais, Piedmont and Aosta Valley
Range coordinates
46°05′N 7°50′E / 46.083°N 7.833°E / 46.083; 7.833Coordinates: 46°05′N 7°50′E / 46.083°N 7.833°E / 46.083; 7.833
Parent range Alps
Borders on
Graian Alps, Lepontine Alps, Bernese Alps and Po plain

The Pennine Alps (German: Walliser Alpen, French: Alpes valaisannes, Italian: Alpi Pennine, Latin: Alpes Poeninae), also known as the Valais Alps, are a mountain range in the western part of the Alps. They are located in Switzerland (Valais) and Italy (Piedmont and the Aosta Valley).




Contents






  • 1 Geography


  • 2 Morphology


  • 3 Peaks


  • 4 Glaciers


  • 5 Passes


  • 6 Nature conservation


  • 7 See also


  • 8 Maps


  • 9 References





Geography


The Italian side is drained by the rivers Dora Baltea, Sesia and Toce, tributaries of the Po. The Swiss side is drained by the Rhône.


The Great St Bernard Tunnel, under the Great St Bernard Pass, leads from Martigny, Switzerland to Aosta.



Morphology


The main chain (watershed between the Mediterranean Sea and Adriatic Sea) runs from west to east on the border between Italy (south) and Switzerland (north). From Mont Vélan, the first high summit east of St Bernard Pass, the chain rarely goes below 3000 metres and contains many four-thousanders such as Matterhorn or Monte Rosa. The valleys are quite similar on both side of the border, being generally oriented perpendicular to the main chain and descending progressively into the Rhône Valley on the north and the Aosta Valley on the south. Unlike many other mountain ranges, the higher peaks are often located outside the main chain and found themselves between the northern valleys (Grand Combin, Weisshorn, Mischabel, Weissmies).



Peaks




The chief peaks of the Pennine Alps are:


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Name
Height

Dufourspitze
4,634 m (15,203 ft)

Dunantspitze
4,632 m (15,197 ft)

Grenzgipfel
4,618 m (15,151 ft)

Nordend
4,609 m (15,121 ft)

Zumsteinspitze
4,563 m (14,970 ft)

Signalkuppe
4,554 m (14,941 ft)

Dom
4,545 m (14,911 ft)

Liskamm
4,538 m (14,888 ft)

Weisshorn
4,506 m (14,783 ft)

Täschhorn
4,491 m (14,734 ft)

Matterhorn
4,478 m (14,692 ft)

Parrotspitze
4,432 m (14,541 ft)

Dent Blanche
4,364 m (14,318 ft)

Nadelhorn
4,327 m (14,196 ft)

Grand Combin
4,314 m (14,154 ft)

Lenzspitze
4,294 m (14,088 ft)

Stecknadelhorn
4,241 m (13,914 ft)

Castor
4,230 m (13,878 ft)

Zinalrothorn
4,223 m (13,855 ft)

Hohberghorn
4,219 m (13,842 ft)

Alphubel
4,206 m (13,799 ft)

Rimpfischhorn
4,199 m (13,776 ft)

Strahlhorn
4,190 m (13,747 ft)

Dent d'Hérens
4,171 m (13,684 ft)

Breithorn
4,164 m (13,661 ft)

Bishorn
4,153 m (13,625 ft)

Breithornzwillinge
4,139 m (13,579 ft)

Pollux
4,092 m (13,425 ft)

Ober Gabelhorn
4,073 m (13,363 ft)

Dürrenhorn
4,035 m (13,238 ft)

Allalinhorn
4,027 m (13,212 ft)

Weissmies
4,031 m (13,225 ft)

Lagginhorn
4,010 m (13,156 ft)

Fletschhorn
3,993 m (13,100 ft)

Adlerhorn
3,988 m (13,084 ft)

Schalihorn
3,974 m (13,038 ft)

Jägerhorn
3,970 m (13,025 ft)

Grand Cornier
3,962 m (12,999 ft)

Ulrichshorn
3,925 m (12,877 ft)

Wellenkuppe
3,903 m (12,805 ft)

Feechopf
3,888 m (12,756 ft)

Klein Matterhorn
3,883 m (12,740 ft)

Pointe du Mountet
3,877 m (12,720 ft)

La Ruinette
3,879 m (12,726 ft)

























































































































































































Name
Height

Mont Blanc de Cheilon
3,870 m (12,697 ft)

Bouquetins
3,838 m (12,592 ft)

Brunegghorn
3,833 m (12,575 ft)

Tour de Boussine
3,833 m (12,575 ft)

Cima di Jazzi
3,818 m (12,526 ft)

Balfrin
3,802 m (12,474 ft)

Pigne d'Arolla
3,796 m (12,454 ft)

Mont Vélan
3,765 m (12,352 ft)

Kinhorn
3,750 m (12,303 ft)

Tête Blanche
3,750 m (12,303 ft)

L'Évêque
3,738 m (12,264 ft)

Le Pleureur
3,706 m (12,159 ft)

Aiguille de la Tsa
3,668 m (12,034 ft)

Besso
3,667 m (12,031 ft)

Mont Collon
3,637 m (11,932 ft)

Les Diablons
3,605 m (11,827 ft)

Le Ritord
3,556 m (11,667 ft)

Dents de Bertol
3,547 m (11,637 ft)

Mont Gelé
3,518 m (11,542 ft)

Petite Aiguille
3,517 m (11,539 ft)

Becca di Luseney
3,506 m (11,503 ft)
Château des Dames
3,489 m (11,447 ft)

Tällihorn
3,448 m (11,312 ft)

Pigne de la Lé
3,396 m (11,142 ft)
Grand Tournalin
3,379 m (11,086 ft)

Rosablanche
3,348 m (10,984 ft)

Wasuhorn
3,343 m (10,968 ft)

Mont Avril
3,341 m (10,961 ft)

Almagellhorn
3,327 m (10,915 ft)
Grande Rochère
3,326 m (10,912 ft)

Corno Bianco
3,320 m (10,892 ft)

Testa Grigia
3,315 m (10,876 ft)

La Cassorte
3,301 m (10,830 ft)

Böshorn
3,268 m (10,722 ft)

Le Parrain
3,259 m (10,692 ft)

Sasseneire
3,259 m (10,692 ft)

Bösentrift
3,248 m (10,656 ft)

Festihorn
3,248 m (10,656 ft)

Grand Golliat
3,240 m (10,630 ft)

Jazzihorn
3,227 m (10,587 ft)
Pizzo Bianco
3,216 m (10,551 ft)

Mont de la Gouille
3,212 m (10,538 ft)

Latelhorn
3,207 m (10,522 ft)

Jegihorn
3,206 m (10,518 ft)

























































































































































Name
Height

Schwarzhorn
3,204 m (10,512 ft)

Lammenhorn
3,190 m (10,466 ft)

Gornergrat
3,136 m (10,289 ft)

Pointe d'Ar Pitetta
3,133 m (10,279 ft)

Frilihorn
3,124 m (10,249 ft)

Mont Rogneux
3,084 m (10,118 ft)

Le Boudri
3,070 m (10,072 ft)

Mont Néry
3,070 m (10,072 ft)

Seetalhorn
3,037 m (9,964 ft)

Bella Tola
3,028 m (9,934 ft)

Corno Bussola
3,023 m (9,918 ft)

Le Toûno
3,018 m (9,902 ft)

Sparruhorn
2,988 m (9,803 ft)

Monte Tagliaferro
2,964 m (9,724 ft)

Pointe de Barasson
2,963 m (9,721 ft)

Riffelhorn
2,931 m (9,616 ft)

Palanche de la Cretta
2,927 m (9,603 ft)

Bec de la Montau
2,922 m (9,587 ft)

Ochsehorn
2,912 m (9,554 ft)

Signalhorn
2,911 m (9,551 ft)

Sex de Marinda
2,906 m (9,534 ft)

Aiguille des Angroniettes
2,885 m (9,465 ft)

Balmahorn
2,870 m (9,416 ft)

Roc d'Orzival
2,853 m (9,360 ft)

Le Mourin
2,766 m (9,075 ft)

Pletschuhorn
2,751 m (9,026 ft)

Becca de Corbassière
2,749 m (9,019 ft)

Cima del Rosso
2,624 m (8,609 ft)

Wenghorn
2,587 m (8,488 ft)

Cima di Bo
2,556 m (8,386 ft)

Ergischhorn
2,526 m (8,287 ft)

Glishorn
2,525 m (8,284 ft)

Crêta de Vella
2,519 m (8,264 ft)

Six Blanc
2,445 m (8,022 ft)

Cima Verosso
2,444 m (8,018 ft)

Guggilihorn
2,351 m (7,713 ft)




Glaciers




Weissmies




Grand Combin


Main glaciers:



  • Gorner Glacier

  • Corbassière Glacier

  • Findel Glacier

  • Zmutt Glacier

  • Zinal Glacier

  • Otemma Glacier

  • Allalin Glacier

  • Ferpècle Glacier

  • Fee Glacier

  • Mont Miné Glacier

  • Ried Glacier

  • Turtmann Glacier

  • Moiry Glacier

  • Arolla Glacier

  • Moming Glacier

  • Cheilon Glacier



Passes




Great St Bernard pass


The chief passes of the Pennine Alps are:[1]



































































































































































































































































































































































































Mountain pass
location
type
elevation
Sesiajoch

Zermatt to Alagna
snow
4,424
14,515
Domjoch

Randa to Saas-Fee
snow
4,286
14,062
Lisjoch
Zermatt to Gressoney-La-Trinité
snow
4,277
14,033
Mischabeljoch
Zermatt to Saas-Fee
snow
3,856
12,651
Alphubel Pass
Zermatt to Saas-Fee
snow
3,802
12,474
Adler Pass
Zermatt to Saas-Fee
snow
3,798
12,461
Moming Pass
Zermatt to Zinal
snow
3,745
12,287
Schwarztor
Zermatt to Ayas
snow
3,741
12,274
Ried Pass

Sankt-Niklaus to Saas-Fee
snow
3,597
11,800
Neues Weisstor
Zermatt to Macugnaga
snow
3,580
11,746
Allalin Pass
Zermatt to Saas-Fee
snow
3,570
11,713
Col de Valpelline
Zermatt to Aosta
snow
3,562
11,687
Biesjoch
Randa to Turtmann
snow
3,549
11,644
Triftjoch
Zermatt to Zinal
snow
3,540
11,615
Col du Sonadon

Bourg-Saint-Pierre to the Val de Bagnes
snow
3,489
11,447
Col d'Herens
Zermatt to Evolène
snow
3,480
11,418
Col Durand
Zermatt to Zinal
snow
3,474
11,398
Col des Maisons Blanches
Bourg-Saint-Pierre to the Val de Bagnes
snow
3,426
11,241
Col de Bertol

Arolla to the Col d'Herens
snow
3,414
11,200
Col du Mont Rouge
Val de Bagnes to the Val d'Hérémence
snow
3,341
10,962

Theodulpass
Zermatt to Valtournenche
snow
3,322
10,899
Col de Tracuit
Zinal to Turtmann
snow
3,252
10,670
Zwischbergen Pass
Saas-Fee to Gondo
snow
3,248
10,657
Col d'Oren
Val de Bagnes to the Valpelline
snow
3,242
10,637
Col de Seilon
Val de Bagnes to the Val d'Hérémence
snow
3,200
10,499
Col du Cret
Val de Bagnes to the Val d'Hérémence
snow
3,148
10,329
Col de Valcournera
Valtournenche to the Valpelline
snow
3,147
10,325
Col de Collon
Arolla to Aosta
snow
3,130
10,270
Col de Valsorey
Bourg-Saint-Pierre to Aosta
snow
3,113
10'214
Col de Chermontane
Val de Bagnes to Arolla
snow
3084
10,119
Cimes Blanches
Valtournenche to Ayas
bridle path
2,980
9,777
Col de Torrent
Evolène to the Val de Torrent
bridle path
2,924
9,593
Augstbord Pass
Sankt-Niklaus to Turtmann
bridle path
2,893
9,492

Col de Crête Sèche
Val de Bagnes to the Valpelline
snow
2,888
9,475
Col d'Olen
Alagna to Gressoney
bridle path
2,871
9,420
Monte Moro
Saas-Fee to Macugnaga
bridle path
2,862
9,390
Pas de Chevres
Arolla to the Val d'Hérémence
footpath
2,851
9,354
Antrona Pass
Saas-Fee to Antrona
bridle path
2,844
9,331
Col de Sorebois
Zinal to the Val de Torrent
bridle path
2,825
9,269
Col de Vessona
Valpelline to Nus
footpath
2,794
9,167
Fenêtre de Durand
Val de Bagnes to Aosta
bridle path
2,786
9,141
Z'Meiden Pass
Zinal to Turtmann
bridle path
2,772
9,095
Turlo Pass
Alagna to Macugnaga
footpath
2,736
8,977
Fenêtre de Ferret

Great St Bernard to the Swiss Val Ferret
bridle path
2,699
8,855
Bettaforca Pass[2] (Bättforko)
Ayas to Gressoney-La-Trinité
bridle path
2,676
8,780
Col Serena
Great St Bernard to Morgex
footpath
2,538
8,327
Col Ferret
Courmayeur to Orsières
bridle path
2,533
8,311
Col de Valdobbia
Gressoney to the Val Sesia
bridle path
2,479
8,134

Great St Bernard

Martigny to Aosta
road
2,472
8,111
Col de Moud
Alagna to Rima
bridle path
2,323
7,622
Col d'Egua
Rima to the Valle Anzasca
bridle path
2,236
7,336

Simplon Pass

Brig to Domodossola
road
2,009
6,592

Bocchetta del Croso

Piedicavallo to Valsesia
bridle path
1,941
6,374
Baranca Pass

Varallo to the Val Anzasca
bridle path
1,820
5,971


Nature conservation


Some regional nature parks, like the Parco Naturale Alta Valsesia (6,511 ha - Piedmont, IT),[3] the Riserva Naturale Mont Mars (390 ha - Aosta Valley, IT) [4] and the Regional park of Binn valley (15,891 ha - Valais, CH),[5] have been established on both sides of the main water divide.



See also



  • Swiss Alps

  • Alpi Biellesi

  • Alpi Cusiane



Maps



  • Swiss official cartography (Swiss Federal Office of Topography - Swisstopo); on-line version: map.geo.admin.ch

  • Italian official cartography (Istituto Geografico Militare - IGM); on-line version: www.pcn.minambiente.it



References





  1. ^ Wikisource Coolidge, William Augustus Brevoort (1911). "Alps" . In Chisholm, Hugh. Encyclopædia Britannica. 1 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 743..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ Hilary Sharp, Tour of Monte Rosa: A Trekker's Guide.


  3. ^ Parco Naturale Alta Valsesia site on www.parks.it (accessed in April 2012)


  4. ^ Parco del Mont Avic park site on www.parks.it (accessed in April 2012)


  5. ^ Ein regionaler Naturpark, park site on www.landschaftspark-binntal.ch (accessed in April 2012)








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