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I'm attempting a scraping project with the Scrapy framework that requires (I think) that I use item loaders for some of the processing. After getting nowhere I decided to try to refactor the Scrapy tutorial quotes project to narrow down my issue and I am getting the same errors. I'm fairly certain that I'm making an error with the item loaders on the actual project and here.

items.py:

def clean_text(value):

    return value.strip()



class QuoteItem(Item):

    text = scrapy.Field()

    author = scrapy.Field()

    tags = scrapy.Field()





class QuoteLoader(ItemLoader):

    default_input_processor = MapCompose(clean_text)

    default_output_processor = TakeFirst()



    text_in = MapCompose(clean_text)



    author_in = MapCompose(clean_text)



    tags_in = MapCompose(clean_text)

quotes_spider(refactored and broken):

class QuotesSpider1(scrapy.Spider):

    name = "quotes1"

    start_urls = [

        'http://quotes.toscrape.com/page/1/',

        'http://quotes.toscrape.com/page/2/',

    ]



    def parse(self, response):

        for quote in response.css('div.quote'):

            load = QuoteLoader(item=QuoteItem(), selector=quote)

            load.add_css('text', 'span.text::text').extract_first()

            load.add_css('author', 'small.author::text').extract_first()

            load.add_css('tags', 'div.tags a.tag::text').extract()

            yield load.load_item()

quotes_spider from tutorial(functional):

class QuotesSpider(scrapy.Spider):

    name = "quotes"

    start_urls = [

        'http://quotes.toscrape.com/page/1/',

        'http://quotes.toscrape.com/page/2/',

    ]



    def parse(self, response):

        for quote in response.css('div.quote'):

            yield {

                'text': quote.css('span.text::text').extract_first(),

                'author': quote.css('small.author::text').extract_first(),

                'tags': quote.css('div.tags a.tag::text').extract(),

            }

traceback and log:

2018-11-04 21:12:24 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Scrapy 1.5.1 started (bot: tutorial)

2018-11-04 21:12:24 [scrapy.utils.log] INFO: Versions: lxml 4.2.5.0, libxml2 2.9.8, cssselect 1.0.3, parsel 1.5.1, w3lib 1.19.0, Twisted 18.9.0, Python 3.6.7 |Anaconda,

 Inc.| (default, Oct 28 2018, 19:44:12) [MSC v.1915 64 bit (AMD64)], pyOpenSSL 18.0.0 (OpenSSL 1.1.1  11 Sep 2018), cryptography 2.3.1, Platform Windows-10-10.0.17134-S

P0

2018-11-04 21:12:24 [scrapy.crawler] INFO: Overridden settings: {'BOT_NAME': 'tutorial', 'NEWSPIDER_MODULE': 'tutorial.spiders', 'ROBOTSTXT_OBEY': True, 'SPIDER_MODULES

': ['tutorial.spiders']}

2018-11-04 21:12:25 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled extensions:

['scrapy.extensions.corestats.CoreStats',

 'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole',

 'scrapy.extensions.logstats.LogStats']

2018-11-04 21:12:26 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled downloader middlewares:

['scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.robotstxt.RobotsTxtMiddleware',

 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpauth.HttpAuthMiddleware',

 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.downloadtimeout.DownloadTimeoutMiddleware',

 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware',

 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware',

 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.retry.RetryMiddleware',

 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.MetaRefreshMiddleware',

 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware',

 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.redirect.RedirectMiddleware',

 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.cookies.CookiesMiddleware',

 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware',

 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.stats.DownloaderStats']

2018-11-04 21:12:26 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled spider middlewares:

['scrapy.spidermiddlewares.httperror.HttpErrorMiddleware',

 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.offsite.OffsiteMiddleware',

 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.referer.RefererMiddleware',

 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.urllength.UrlLengthMiddleware',

 'scrapy.spidermiddlewares.depth.DepthMiddleware']

2018-11-04 21:12:26 [scrapy.middleware] INFO: Enabled item pipelines:



2018-11-04 21:12:26 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider opened

2018-11-04 21:12:26 [scrapy.extensions.logstats] INFO: Crawled 0 pages (at 0 pages/min), scraped 0 items (at 0 items/min)

2018-11-04 21:12:26 [scrapy.extensions.telnet] DEBUG: Telnet console listening on 127.0.0.1:6024

2018-11-04 21:12:27 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.jdpower.com/robots.txt> (referer: None)

2018-11-04 21:12:28 [scrapy.core.engine] DEBUG: Crawled (200) <GET https://www.jdpower.com/Cars/2019/Chevrolet> (referer: None)

2018-11-04 21:12:28 [scrapy.core.scraper] ERROR: Spider error processing <GET https://www.jdpower.com/Cars/2019/Chevrolet> (referer: None)

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "C:UsersMEAnaconda3envstutoriallibsite-packagestwistedinternetdefer.py", line 654, in _runCallbacks

    current.result = callback(current.result, *args, **kw)

  File "C:UsersMEAnaconda3envstutoriallibsite-packagesscrapycommandsparse.py", line 195, in callback

    items, requests = self.run_callback(response, cb)

  File "C:UsersMEAnaconda3envstutoriallibsite-packagesscrapycommandsparse.py", line 117, in run_callback

    for x in iterate_spider_output(cb(response)):

  File "C:UsersMEPycharmProjectstutorialtutorialspidersmsrp_trial_spider.py", line 38, in parse

    load.get_xpath('full_name', '//*[contains(@class,"veh-icons__title")]/text()').extract()

  File "C:UsersMEAnaconda3envstutoriallibsite-packagesscrapyloader__init__.py", line 175, in get_xpath

    return self.get_value(values, *processors, **kw)

  File "C:UsersMEAnaconda3envstutoriallibsite-packagesscrapyloader__init__.py", line 108, in get_value

    proc = wrap_loader_context(proc, self.context)

  File "C:UsersMEAnaconda3envstutoriallibsite-packagesscrapyloadercommon.py", line 10, in wrap_loader_context

    if 'loader_context' in get_func_args(function):

  File "C:UsersMEAnaconda3envstutoriallibsite-packagesscrapyutilspython.py", line 241, in get_func_args

    raise TypeError('%s is not callable' % type(func))

TypeError: <class 'str'> is not callable

2018-11-04 21:12:28 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Closing spider (finished)

2018-11-04 21:12:28 [scrapy.statscollectors] INFO: Dumping Scrapy stats:

{'downloader/request_bytes': 519,

 'downloader/request_count': 2,

 'downloader/request_method_count/GET': 2,

 'downloader/response_bytes': 22637,

 'downloader/response_count': 2,

 'downloader/response_status_count/200': 2,

 'finish_reason': 'finished',

 'finish_time': datetime.datetime(2018, 11, 5, 3, 12, 28, 737277),

 'log_count/DEBUG': 3,

 'log_count/ERROR': 1,

 'log_count/INFO': 7,

 'response_received_count': 2,

 'scheduler/dequeued': 1,

 'scheduler/dequeued/memory': 1,

 'scheduler/enqueued': 1,

 'scheduler/enqueued/memory': 1,

 'spider_exceptions/TypeError': 1,

 'start_time': datetime.datetime(2018, 11, 5, 3, 12, 26, 497083)}

2018-11-04 21:12:28 [scrapy.core.engine] INFO: Spider closed (finished)



>>> STATUS DEPTH LEVEL 0 <<<

# Scraped Items  ------------------------------------------------------------





# Requests  -----------------------------------------------------------------

The problem is that you're calling .extract_first() on the result of the add_css method, which returns None.

Removing such calls should be enough:

def parse(self, response):

    for quote in response.css('div.quote'):

        load = QuoteLoader(item=QuoteItem(), selector=quote)

        load.add_css('text', 'span.text::text')

        load.add_css('author', 'small.author::text')

        load.add_css('tags', 'div.tags a.tag::text')

        yield load.load_item()

You'll probably need to customize the output processor for the tags field, so that you don't use the TakeFirst() one, which will result in a single tag per item, which is not true for this website.