Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada





























Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada

The First Ceremonial Mace of Upper Canada

The First Ceremonial Mace of Upper Canada

Type
Type

Lower house of the Parliament of Upper Canada
History
Founded 1791 (1791)
Disbanded 1841 (1841)
Preceded by none
Succeeded by Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada
























Part of a series on the
History of Ontario
Coat of arms of Ontario.svg

Timeline


























First Nations
Pays d'en Haut 1500s–1763
Province of Quebec 1763–1791
Upper Canada 1791–1841
Canada West 1841–1867
Ontario 1867–present


Upper Canada Topics


  • Legislative Assembly

  • The Family Compact

  • The Reform Movement

  • Upper Canada Rebellion

  • Agriculture

  • Work and labour organization

  • Corporations

  • Imprisonment for debt

  • Book & newspaper publishers

  • Orange Order



Province of Canada Topics


  • Legislative Assembly

  • Responsible Government

  • Underground Railroad

  • Burning of the Parliament Buildings

  • Confederation



Province of Ontario topics

Flag of Ontario.svg Ontario portal

The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada was the elected part of the legislature for the province of Upper Canada, functioning as the lower house in the Parliament of Upper Canada. Its legislative power was subject to veto by the appointed Lieutenant Governor, Executive Council, and Legislative Council.


The first elections in Upper Canada, in which only land-owning males were permitted to vote, were held in August 1792. The first session of the Assembly's sixteen members occurred in Newark, Upper Canada on 17 September 1792. Shortly before the capital of Upper Canada was moved to York in 1796 the Assembly was dissolved and reconvened for twelve more sessions between 1797 and 1840 in modest buildings in the new capital. Members continued to be elected by land-owning males to represent counties and the larger towns.


During the War of 1812, American troops set fire to the buildings of the Assembly.







Contents






  • 1 Political divisions


  • 2 List of Parliaments


  • 3 Speakers


  • 4 Changing Loyalties


  • 5 Buildings housing the Legislative Assembly


  • 6 See also


  • 7 References


  • 8 External links





Political divisions




Third Parliament Buildings of Upper Canada (1834)


Following the war, the Executive and Legislative Councils became increasingly dominated by the Family Compact, a clique of wealthy individuals led primarily by John Strachan (a member of the powerful Executive Council of Upper Canada), which emerged in 1815. The Compact was deeply opposed to American republicanism and favoured full establishment for the Anglican church in Upper Canada. Their increasingly authoritarian style of governance and disregard for the will of the Legislative Assembly led to demands for government that was more responsible to the people and eventually the Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837. Opposing the Family Compact were initially an assortment of anti-establishment members, but it did not gain strength until a more formal group of reformers emerged, initially led by William Warren Baldwin starting 1820s and then by William Lyon Mackenzie in the 1830s.


The 1840 Act of Union united Upper and Lower Canada into the single Province of Canada and, from this point until Confederation in 1867, a joint parliament was held for the united provinces.




List of Parliaments




  • 1st Parliament of Upper Canada 1792-1796


  • 2nd Parliament of Upper Canada 1797-1800


  • 3rd Parliament of Upper Canada 1801-1804


  • 4th Parliament of Upper Canada 1805-1808


  • 5th Parliament of Upper Canada 1808-1812


  • 6th Parliament of Upper Canada 1812-1816


  • 7th Parliament of Upper Canada 1817-1820


  • 8th Parliament of Upper Canada 1821-1824


  • 9th Parliament of Upper Canada 1825-1828


  • 10th Parliament of Upper Canada 1829-1830


  • 11th Parliament of Upper Canada 1831-1834


  • 12th Parliament of Upper Canada 1835-1836


  • 13th Parliament of Upper Canada 1837-1840



Speakers































































Speaker
Term
Parliament

Captain John McDonell
1792-1796
1st

Sir David William Smith, 1st Baronet
1796-1800 and 1801-1804
2nd and 3rd

Samuel Street
1800-1801 and 1809-1812
2nd and 5th

Alexander Macdonell
1805-1808
4th

Allan McLean
1813-1820
6th and 7th

Levius Peters Sherwood
1821-1824
8th

John Wilson
1825-1828
9th

Marshall Spring Bidwell
1829-1830 and 1835
10th and 12th

Archibald McLean
1831-1834 and 1836
11th and 12th

Allan MacNab
1837 and 1837-1840
13th

Henry Ruttan
1837
13th


Changing Loyalties


A few members of the Legislature eventually left Canada. Some left Canada to join the United States Army during the War of 1812. Some were involved in the Rebellion of 1837 and other just simply abandoned Canada.
Most moved to the United States, some left for Great Britain.



































































































Name
Born
Died
Reason for leaving Canada

Joseph Willcocks

Palmerstown, Ireland, Great Britain

Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada
Fled Canada - organized Canadian Volunteers within United States Army, rank as Lieutenant Colonel; died in Canada and re-buried in Buffalo, New York

William Macomb

Northern Ireland, Great Britain

Fort Detroit, Upper Canada

Detroit was part of Upper Canada before 1796; died in Detroit

Hugh McDonell

Aberchalder Lodge, Scotland

Florence (March of Tuscany, Austrian Empire)
Left Canada to serve as British diplomat; died in Italy

Robert Thorpe

Dublin, Ireland, Great Britain

London, United Kingdom
Forced to leave Canada - subdsequently served as chief justice and judge of the Vice-Admiralty Court in Sierra Leone 1808-1811; died in England

Benajah Mallory

Vermont (Thirteen Colonies)

Lockport, New York, United States
Fled Canada during War of 1812 and subsequently served in Canadian Volunteers with United States Army, died in NY

Abraham Markle

Ulster County, Province of New York

Terre Haute, Indiana, United States
Left Canada during War of 1812 and joined Canadian Volunteers with United States Army as a Major; died in the US

Marshall Spring Bidwell

Stockbridge, Massachusetts, United States

New York, NY
Forced to leave Canada due in involvement in 1837 Rebellion, became New York State lawyer, died in NYC

Peter Perry

Ernestown, Upper Canada

Saratoga Springs, New York, United States
Died after visiting Bidwell in the US

Hiram Norton

Vermont, United States

Lockport, Illinois, United States
Fled Canada due to involvement in 1837 Rebellion; became a flour mill owner/operator; died in US

Charles Duncombe

Connecticut, United States
Hicksville, California, United States
Fled Canada due to involvement in 1837 Rebellion, became California State Assemblyman 1859 and later as a county representative of the Sacramento County 1863-1867; died in California

William Lyon Mackenzie

Dundee, Scotland

Toronto, Province of Canada
Fled Canada due to involvement in 1837 Rebellion, became US citizen and later returned to Canada 1849; died in Toronto

Jesse Ketchum

Spencertown, New York, United States

Buffalo, NY, United States
Retired and moved from Canada to Buffalo, New York in 1845 and died in there in 1867

Henry Yager

Claverack, New York, United States

Dane County, Wisconsin, United States
Left Canada with family as dairy farmer in Dane County, Wisconsin and died there

Robert Alway

Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England, Great Britain

Republic of Texas
Fled Canada due to involvement in 1837 Rebellion and died shortly after arriving in Texas

David William Smith

Salisbury, England

Alnwick, Northumberland, England
Left Canada and return to England in 1804 and became a property manager; died in England


Buildings housing the Legislative Assembly


.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .caption{display:table-row;vertical-align:top}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .caption>div{display:table-cell;display:block;font-size:94%;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;text-align:right;font-size:80%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox .thumb img{background:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images img{border:solid #eee 1px}



  • Navy Hall at Newark (1792)

  • First (1793–1813) and second (1820–1824) Parliament Buildings of Upper Canada at York


From 1824 to 1832, the Assembly sat at temporary locations due to the fire that destroyed the second home:



  • Residence of the Chief Justice of Upper Canada (1813–1820)

  • Old York County Court House on King between Toronto and Church Streets (1829–1832)

  • Ballroom of York Hotel at York - one session 1813


  • York General Hospital (1824–1829)

  • Third Parliament Buildings of Upper Canada (1832–1840)



See also



  • Legislative Council of Upper Canada

  • Executive Council of Upper Canada

  • Lieutenant Governors of Upper Canada, 1791-1841

  • Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada



References



  • Handbook of Upper Canadian Chronology, Frederick H. Armstrong, Toronto : Dundurn Press, 1985. .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
    ISBN 0-919670-92-X


External links



  • James G. Chewett, "The Upper Canada almanac, and provincial calendar, for the year of Our Lord 1827: being the third after bissextile or leap year, and the eighth year of the reign of His Majesty [King G]eorge the Fourth ..." (York (Toronto): Robert Stanton, 1827), 76, ii pp.

  • James G. Chewett, "The Upper Canada almanac and astronomical calendar for the year of Our Lord 1828: being bissextile or leap year and the ninth year of the reign of His Majesty King George the Fourth ..." (York (Toronto): Robert Stanton, 1828), 76, ii pp.

  • James G. Chewett, "The Upper Canada almanac, and provincial calendar, for the year of Our Lord 1831: being the third after bissextile, or leap year, and the second year of the reign of His Majesty King William the Fourth ..." (York (Toronto): Robert Stanton, 1831), 103, ii pp.

  • Government of Ontario site









這個網誌中的熱門文章

Xamarin.form Move up view when keyboard appear

Post-Redirect-Get with Spring WebFlux and Thymeleaf

Anylogic : not able to use stopDelay()