1931 Spanish local elections





The 1931 Spanish local elections were held on 12 April throughout all Spain municipalities to elect 80,472 councillors.
These elections were perceived as a plebiscite on the monarchy of Alfonso XIII. The Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed after this election.




Contents






  • 1 Background


  • 2 Electoral system


  • 3 Results


    • 3.1 Overall results


    • 3.2 Catalonia




  • 4 Aftermath


  • 5 References





Background


Since 1923, Spain had been a dictatorship with the approval of the king Alfonso XIII. After the end of the Primo de Rivera dictatorship in 1930 and the failure of his successor to establish another dictatorship, in 1931 the new cabinet appointed by the king decided to hold new local elections for first time in nine years.
Although they were local elections, they were perceived as a plebiscite on the Spanish monarchy.



Electoral system


The number of seats of each council was determined by the population count. According to the 1877 municipal law, the population-seat relationship on each municipality was to be established on the following scale:[1]





































































































































Population
 Seats
Population
 Seats
Population
 Seats
<500
 6
 16,001–18,000
 21
 55,001–60,000
 36
501–800
 7
 18,001–20,000
 22
 60,001–65,000
 37
801–1,000
 8
 20,001–22,000
 23
 65,001–70,000
 38
1,001–2,000
 9
 22,001–24,000
 24
 70,001–75,000
 39
2,001–3,000
 10
 24,001–26,000
 25
 75,001–80,000
 40
3,001–4,000
 11
 26,001–28,000
 26
 80,001–85,000
 41
4,001–5,000
 12
 28,001–30,000
 27
 85,001–90,000
 42
5,001–6,000
 13
 30,001–32,000
 28
 90,001–95,000
 43
6,001–7,000
 14
 32,001–34,000
 29
 95,001–100,000
 44
7,001–8,000
 15
 34,001–36,000
 30
 100,001–120,000
 45
8,001–9,000
 16
 36,001–38,000
 31
 120,001–140,000
 46
9,001–10,000
 17
 38,001–40,000
 32
 140,001–160,000
 47
10,001–12,000
 18
 40,001–45,000
 33
 160,001–180,000
 48
12,001–14,000
 19
 45,001–50,000
 34
 180,001–200,000
 49
14,001–16,000
 20
 50,001–55,000
 35
 >200,001
 50

The 1907 election law established that councillors should be elected in districts consisting of 4 members, although 3 to 7 member districts were also allowed. Voters had to choose multiple candidates using limited voting, which allows a voter to vote for fewer candidates than members have to be elected. Candidates winning a plurality of votes in each district were elected. If the number of candidates was equal or fewer than the number of seats to be filled, candidates were automatically proclaimed without an election.
Voting was compulsory and on the basis of universal manhood suffrage, with males over twenty-five and at least a two-year residency in a municipality required to vote.
Mayors were elected indirectly by the city or town council on the first session after the election.[1][2]



Results



Overall results




Winners in number of seats by province and province capital. Republicans + Socialists + Communists:

  <50%


  >50%

Monarchists:

  <50%


  >50%

Other:

  <50%


  >50%



The results shown were extracted from the 1931 Spanish Statistical Annuary.[3]


























































































Candidates
 Seats
Total seats
 Automatically
proclaimed
 Elected
#
 %
 #
 %
 #
 %



Republicans
 34,368
 42.71
 13,940
 46.77
 20,428
 40.32

Socialists
 4,813
 5.98
 887
 2.98
 3,926
 7.75


Communists
 67
 0.08
 10
 0.03
 57
 0.11


Monarchists
 19,035
 23.65
 6,065
 20.35
 12,970
 25.60

Other
 15,198
 18.89
 6,043
 20.28
 9,155
 18.07

Unknown
 6,991
 8.69
 2,859
 9.59
 4,132
 8.16
Total
 80,472
 100.00
 29,804
 100.00
 50,668
 100.00

Results show a win of the Republicans by a large margin in Asturias, Aragon and Catalonia. Monarchists got their best results in the Balearic Islands, Andalusia and Extremadura.


The republicans had a majority in more than 4/5 of the provincial capitals. In the city of Barcelona, the largest city by that time, they achieved more than the 75% of the seats.


These were the results in the province capitals plus Ceuta and Melilla:[4][5]



























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Municipality
 Seats
 Republicans
 Monarchists



Rep
Soc
Com
 Other
 Total
Mon
 Other
 Total







A Coruña
 39
 33
 1

34
 5
5

Albacete
 32
 14
 4

18
 14
14

Alicante
 39
 15
 14

29
 10
10

Almería
 35
 24
 4

28
 7
7

Ávila
 19
 8


8
 11
11

Badajoz
 33
 11
 10

21
 12
12

Barcelona
 50
 34
 4

38
12
 12

Bilbao
 46
 12
 12
 11
35
 3
 8
 11

Burgos
 30
 10
 4

14
 16
16

Cáceres
 24
 14


14
 10
10

Cádiz
 40



0
 40
40

Castelló de la Plana
 30
 24
 2

26
4
 4

Ceuta
 35
 16
 10

26
9
 9

Ciudad Real
 24
 4
 12

16
 8
8

Cuenca
 21
 6
 5

11
 10
10

Córdoba
 44
 19
 8

27
 17
17

Girona
 23
 12
 3

15
 3
 5
 8

Granada
 45
 17
 18

35
 6
 4
 10

Guadalajara
 20
 6
 8

14
 5
 1
 6

Huelva
 33
 13
 10

23
 2
 8
 10

Huesca
 20
 14


14
 4
 2
 6

Jaén
 32
 11
 11

22
 10
10

Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
 39
 8
 8

16
 20
 3
 23

León
 26
 11
 7

18
 7
 1
 8

Lleida
 30
 23


23
7
 7

Logroño
 28
 17
 3

20
8
 8

Lugo
 28
 3
 4

7
 21
21

Madrid
 50
 16
 15

31
 18
 1
 19

Málaga
 47
 31
 5
 1
37
 10
10

Melilla
 32
 19
 9

28
4
 4

Murcia
 46
 18
 4
 2
24
 19
 3
 22

Ourense
 23
 6
 4
 3
13
10
 10

Oviedo
 40
 27


27
13
 13

Palencia
 24
 11
 5

16
 8
8

Palma
 41
 5
 4

9
 27
 5
 32

Pamplona
 29
 9
 6

15
 14
14

Pontevedra
 27
 7
 2
 2
 5
 16
 9
 2
 11

Salamanca
 31
 14
 5

19
 12
12

San Sebastián
 39
 18
 7
6
 31
 6
 2
 8

Santa Cruz de Tenerife
 36
 22
 3

25
 11
11

Santander
 40
 16
 9

25
 15
15

Segovia
 21
 8
 3

11
 10
10

Seville
 50
 25
 8

33
17
 17

Soria
 17
 7
 1

8
 7
 2
 9

Tarragona
 28
 17
 2

19
 4
 5
 9

Teruel
 19
 7
 5

12
 7
7

Toledo
 25
 12
 5

17
 3
 5
 8

Valencia
 50
 32


32
 9
 9
 18

Valladolid
 44
 16
 10

26
 18
18

Vitoria
 31
 12
 3

15
16
 16

Zamora
 22
 7
 7
 1
15
 5
 2
 7

Zaragoza
 47
 26
 6

32
 15
15
Total
 1,724
 767
 290
 20
 11
 1,088
 468
 168
 636


Catalonia




Majority of seats in the judicial districts capitals:

  Monarchists


  Republicans


  No data





Largest party by judicial district capital:

  ERC


  PCR


  PRR


  PRDF


  Other republican


  LR


  Other monarchists




























































































Candidates
 Seats
Total seats
 Automatically
proclaimed
 Elected
#
 %
 #
 %
 #
 %



Republicans
 6,001
 68.42
 2,782
 71.65
 3,219
 65.86

Socialists
 133
 1.52
 19
 0.49
 114
 2.33


Communists
 10
 0.11
 2
 0.05
 8
 0.16



Regionalist League
 1,773
 20.21
 759
 19.55
 1,014
 20.74


Monarchists
 399
 4.55
 120
 3.09
 279
 5.71

Unknown
 455
 5.19
 201
 5.18
 254
 5.20

8,771
 100.00
 3,883
 100.00
 4,888
 100.00

The results showed very favourable results for the republicans in Catalonia. They won every major city (cities over 10,000 and capitals of juditials districts) except for Igualada. In Berga, where they got tied with the monarchists in number of seats.[3]


In the most important cities, the results were as follows:[6]





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Municipality
 Seats
 Republicans
 Monarchists



ERC
PCR
PRR
PRDF
 Other
 Total
LR
 Other
 Total








Arenys de Mar
 13
13


13

0

Badalona
 32
 9

8
17
 15
15

Balaguer
 13



9
 9
4
 4

Barcelona
 50
 25
12
1
 38
 12
12

Berga
 14
7


7
 7
7

Cervera
 10
 4
 2


6
 2
 2
 4

El Vendrell
 12
 7



7
5
 5

Falset
 11



7
 7
 1
 3
 4

Figueres
 20
 12

6
 1
 19
 1
1

Gandesa
 11



7
 7
 4
4

Girona
 23
 11
 4


15
 5
 3
 8

Granollers
 18
13


13
5
 5

Igualada
 18



8
 8
10
 10

La Bisbal d'Empordà
 12
 2
 1
5
8
4
 4

La Seu d'Urgell
 11
7


7
4
 4

Les Borges Blanques
 12

8

8
4
 4

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
 26
 8
1
 2
 4
 15
 11
11

Lleida
 30
 16
5
1
 22
 8
8

Manresa
 27
9
 1
7
 17
 7
 3
 10

Mataró
 26
 6
 6

5
 17
9
 9

Montblanc
 12
 8



8
 4
4

Olot
 18



11
 11
 1
 6
 7

Puigcerdà
 10



7
 7
 3
3

Reus
 29
 11
 5

5
 21
 8
8

Sabadell
 33
 3
 1
 5
 13
22
 11
11

Sant Feliu de Llobregat
 13
 9


4
 13

0

Santa Coloma de Farners
 12
8


8
 3
 1
 4

Solsona
 11



7
 7
 4
4

Tarragona
 28
 7
 10

2
 19
 2
 7
 9

Terrassa
 31
 8
 5

8
 21
 1
 9
 10

Tortosa
 30



20
 20
 2
 8
 10

Tremp
 10
7

1
 8
2
 2

Valls
 12
 8
 2


10
2
 2

Vic
 19
9

2
 11
 7
 1
 8

Vilafranca del Penedès
 21
 3
 4
 12
1
 20
 1
1

Vilanova i la Geltrú
 21
 15



15
 6
6


Aftermath


On 14 April, two days after the election, in the cities where the republicans won the election, large crowds of people celebrated the victory on the streets. In Eibar, Barcelona, Valencia, Madrid and other cities the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. Eibar was the first city to fly the Spanish tricolor.


Alfonso XIII left Spain and exiled to Rome, without abdicating. A provisional government was formed and two months later general elections were called.



References




  1. ^ ab "Ley municipal" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid. 1877..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "Ley electoral" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid. 1907.


  3. ^ ab Anuario Estadístico de España (PDF). 1931. p. 482.


  4. ^ Anuario Estadístico de España (PDF). 1931. p. 483.


  5. ^ Hoyos y Vinent, José María de. Mi testimonio. Madrid: Afrodisio Aguado, 1962.


  6. ^ Soler Becerro, Raimon. Les eleccions municipals de 1934 a Catalunya. Apèndix 1: Les eleccions municipals de 1931.









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