1931 Spanish local elections





The 1931 Spanish local elections were held on 12 April throughout all Spain municipalities to elect 80,472 councillors.
These elections were perceived as a plebiscite on the monarchy of Alfonso XIII. The Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed after this election.




Contents






  • 1 Background


  • 2 Electoral system


  • 3 Results


    • 3.1 Overall results


    • 3.2 Catalonia




  • 4 Aftermath


  • 5 References





Background


Since 1923, Spain had been a dictatorship with the approval of the king Alfonso XIII. After the end of the Primo de Rivera dictatorship in 1930 and the failure of his successor to establish another dictatorship, in 1931 the new cabinet appointed by the king decided to hold new local elections for first time in nine years.
Although they were local elections, they were perceived as a plebiscite on the Spanish monarchy.



Electoral system


The number of seats of each council was determined by the population count. According to the 1877 municipal law, the population-seat relationship on each municipality was to be established on the following scale:[1]





































































































































Population
Seats

Population
Seats

Population
Seats
<500
6
16,001–18,000
21
55,001–60,000
36
501–800
7
18,001–20,000
22
60,001–65,000
37
801–1,000
8
20,001–22,000
23
65,001–70,000
38
1,001–2,000
9
22,001–24,000
24
70,001–75,000
39
2,001–3,000
10
24,001–26,000
25
75,001–80,000
40
3,001–4,000
11
26,001–28,000
26
80,001–85,000
41
4,001–5,000
12
28,001–30,000
27
85,001–90,000
42
5,001–6,000
13
30,001–32,000
28
90,001–95,000
43
6,001–7,000
14
32,001–34,000
29
95,001–100,000
44
7,001–8,000
15
34,001–36,000
30
100,001–120,000
45
8,001–9,000
16
36,001–38,000
31
120,001–140,000
46
9,001–10,000
17
38,001–40,000
32
140,001–160,000
47
10,001–12,000
18
40,001–45,000
33
160,001–180,000
48
12,001–14,000
19
45,001–50,000
34
180,001–200,000
49
14,001–16,000
20
50,001–55,000
35
>200,001
50

The 1907 election law established that councillors should be elected in districts consisting of 4 members, although 3 to 7 member districts were also allowed. Voters had to choose multiple candidates using limited voting, which allows a voter to vote for fewer candidates than members have to be elected. Candidates winning a plurality of votes in each district were elected. If the number of candidates was equal or fewer than the number of seats to be filled, candidates were automatically proclaimed without an election.
Voting was compulsory and on the basis of universal manhood suffrage, with males over twenty-five and at least a two-year residency in a municipality required to vote.
Mayors were elected indirectly by the city or town council on the first session after the election.[1][2]



Results



Overall results




Winners in number of seats by province and province capital. Republicans + Socialists + Communists:

  <50%


  >50%

Monarchists:

  <50%


  >50%

Other:

  <50%


  >50%



The results shown were extracted from the 1931 Spanish Statistical Annuary.[3]


























































































Candidates
Seats
Total seats
Automatically
proclaimed
Elected
#
%
#
%
#
%



Republicans
34,368
42.71
13,940
46.77
20,428
40.32

Socialists
4,813
5.98
887
2.98
3,926
7.75


Communists
67
0.08
10
0.03
57
0.11


Monarchists
19,035
23.65
6,065
20.35
12,970
25.60

Other
15,198
18.89
6,043
20.28
9,155
18.07

Unknown
6,991
8.69
2,859
9.59
4,132
8.16
Total
80,472
100.00
29,804
100.00
50,668
100.00

Results show a win of the Republicans by a large margin in Asturias, Aragon and Catalonia. Monarchists got their best results in the Balearic Islands, Andalusia and Extremadura.


The republicans had a majority in more than 4/5 of the provincial capitals. In the city of Barcelona, the largest city by that time, they achieved more than the 75% of the seats.


These were the results in the province capitals plus Ceuta and Melilla:[4][5]



























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Municipality
Seats
Republicans
Monarchists



Rep

Soc

Com
Other
Total

Mon
Other
Total







A Coruña
39
33
1


34
5

5

Albacete
32
14
4


18
14

14

Alicante
39
15
14


29
10

10

Almería
35
24
4


28
7

7

Ávila
19
8



8
11

11

Badajoz
33
11
10


21
12

12

Barcelona
50
34
4


38

12
12

Bilbao
46
12
12
11

35
3
8
11

Burgos
30
10
4


14
16

16

Cáceres
24
14



14
10

10

Cádiz
40




0
40

40

Castelló de la Plana
30
24
2


26

4
4

Ceuta
35
16
10


26

9
9

Ciudad Real
24
4
12


16
8

8

Cuenca
21
6
5


11
10

10

Córdoba
44
19
8


27
17

17

Girona
23
12
3


15
3
5
8

Granada
45
17
18


35
6
4
10

Guadalajara
20
6
8


14
5
1
6

Huelva
33
13
10


23
2
8
10

Huesca
20
14



14
4
2
6

Jaén
32
11
11


22
10

10

Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
39
8
8


16
20
3
23

León
26
11
7


18
7
1
8

Lleida
30
23



23

7
7

Logroño
28
17
3


20

8
8

Lugo
28
3
4


7
21

21

Madrid
50
16
15


31
18
1
19

Málaga
47
31
5
1

37
10

10

Melilla
32
19
9


28

4
4

Murcia
46
18
4
2

24
19
3
22

Ourense
23
6
4
3

13

10
10

Oviedo
40
27



27

13
13

Palencia
24
11
5


16
8

8

Palma
41
5
4


9
27
5
32

Pamplona
29
9
6


15
14

14

Pontevedra
27
7
2
2
5
16
9
2
11

Salamanca
31
14
5


19
12

12

San Sebastián
39
18
7

6
31
6
2
8

Santa Cruz de Tenerife
36
22
3


25
11

11

Santander
40
16
9


25
15

15

Segovia
21
8
3


11
10

10

Seville
50
25
8


33

17
17

Soria
17
7
1


8
7
2
9

Tarragona
28
17
2


19
4
5
9

Teruel
19
7
5


12
7

7

Toledo
25
12
5


17
3
5
8

Valencia
50
32



32
9
9
18

Valladolid
44
16
10


26
18

18

Vitoria
31
12
3


15

16
16

Zamora
22
7
7
1

15
5
2
7

Zaragoza
47
26
6


32
15

15
Total
1,724
767
290
20
11
1,088
468
168
636


Catalonia




Majority of seats in the judicial districts capitals:

  Monarchists


  Republicans


  No data





Largest party by judicial district capital:

  ERC


  PCR


  PRR


  PRDF


  Other republican


  LR


  Other monarchists




























































































Candidates
Seats
Total seats
Automatically
proclaimed
Elected
#
%
#
%
#
%



Republicans
6,001
68.42
2,782
71.65
3,219
65.86

Socialists
133
1.52
19
0.49
114
2.33


Communists
10
0.11
2
0.05
8
0.16



Regionalist League
1,773
20.21
759
19.55
1,014
20.74


Monarchists
399
4.55
120
3.09
279
5.71

Unknown
455
5.19
201
5.18
254
5.20

8,771
100.00
3,883
100.00
4,888
100.00

The results showed very favourable results for the republicans in Catalonia. They won every major city (cities over 10,000 and capitals of juditials districts) except for Igualada. In Berga, where they got tied with the monarchists in number of seats.[3]


In the most important cities, the results were as follows:[6]





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Municipality
Seats
Republicans
Monarchists



ERC

PCR

PRR

PRDF
Other
Total

LR
Other
Total








Arenys de Mar
13

13



13


0

Badalona
32
9


8

17
15

15

Balaguer
13




9
9

4
4

Barcelona
50
25

12

1
38
12

12

Berga
14

7



7
7

7

Cervera
10
4
2



6
2
2
4

El Vendrell
12
7




7

5
5

Falset
11




7
7
1
3
4

Figueres
20
12


6
1
19
1

1

Gandesa
11




7
7
4

4

Girona
23
11
4



15
5
3
8

Granollers
18

13



13

5
5

Igualada
18




8
8

10
10

La Bisbal d'Empordà
12
2
1

5

8

4
4

La Seu d'Urgell
11

7



7

4
4

Les Borges Blanques
12


8


8

4
4

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
26
8

1
2
4
15
11

11

Lleida
30
16

5

1
22
8

8

Manresa
27

9
1

7
17
7
3
10

Mataró
26
6
6


5
17

9
9

Montblanc
12
8




8
4

4

Olot
18




11
11
1
6
7

Puigcerdà
10




7
7
3

3

Reus
29
11
5


5
21
8

8

Sabadell
33
3
1
5
13

22
11

11

Sant Feliu de Llobregat
13
9



4
13


0

Santa Coloma de Farners
12

8



8
3
1
4

Solsona
11




7
7
4

4

Tarragona
28
7
10


2
19
2
7
9

Terrassa
31
8
5


8
21
1
9
10

Tortosa
30




20
20
2
8
10

Tremp
10

7


1
8

2
2

Valls
12
8
2



10

2
2

Vic
19

9


2
11
7
1
8

Vilafranca del Penedès
21
3
4
12

1
20
1

1

Vilanova i la Geltrú
21
15




15
6

6


Aftermath


On 14 April, two days after the election, in the cities where the republicans won the election, large crowds of people celebrated the victory on the streets. In Eibar, Barcelona, Valencia, Madrid and other cities the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed. Eibar was the first city to fly the Spanish tricolor.


Alfonso XIII left Spain and exiled to Rome, without abdicating. A provisional government was formed and two months later general elections were called.



References




  1. ^ ab "Ley municipal" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid. 1877..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  2. ^ "Ley electoral" (PDF). Gaceta de Madrid. 1907.


  3. ^ ab Anuario Estadístico de España (PDF). 1931. p. 482.


  4. ^ Anuario Estadístico de España (PDF). 1931. p. 483.


  5. ^ Hoyos y Vinent, José María de. Mi testimonio. Madrid: Afrodisio Aguado, 1962.


  6. ^ Soler Becerro, Raimon. Les eleccions municipals de 1934 a Catalunya. Apèndix 1: Les eleccions municipals de 1931.









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