Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo
















































































































































The Most Excellent


Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo



GE OCIII OCM

Visita de Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo a El Puerto de Santa María (centered).jpg
Prime Minister of Spain

In office
25 February 1981 – 1 December 1982
Monarch Juan Carlos I
Deputy
Rodolfo Martín Villa
Juan Antonio García Díez
Preceded by Adolfo Suárez
Succeeded by Felipe González
Second Deputy Prime Minister of Spain

In office
9 September 1980 – 25 February 1981
Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez
Preceded by Fernando Abril Martorell
Succeeded by Juan Antonio García Díez
Minister of Economy

In office
9 September 1980 – 25 February 1981
Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez
Preceded by Fernando Abril Martorell
Succeeded by José Luis Leal Maldonado
Minister for Relations with the European Communities

In office
25 February 1978 – 9 September 1980
Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez
Preceded by Office created
Succeeded by Eduardo Punset
Minister of Public Works

In office
4 July 1976 – April 1977
Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez
Preceded by Antonio Valdés
Succeeded by Luis Ortiz González
Minister of Commerce

In office
13 December 1975 – 6 July 1976
Prime Minister Carlos Arias Navarro
Preceded by José Luis Cerón Ayuso
Succeeded by José Lladó
Member of the Congress of Deputies

In office
22 July 1977 – 31 August 1982
Constituency Madrid

In office
28 July 1983 – 23 April 1986
Constituency Madrid

Personal details
Born
Leopoldo Ramón Pedro Calvo-Sotelo y Bustelo


(1926-04-14)14 April 1926
Madrid, Spain
Died 3 May 2008(2008-05-03) (aged 82)
Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
Resting place Ribadeo Cemetery, Galicia, Spain
Nationality Spanish
Political party
Union of the Democratic Centre
(1977-1983)
Spouse(s) María del Pilar Ibáñez-Martín Mellado
Children Leopoldo (b. 1957)
Juan (b. 1958)
María del Pilar (b. 1959)
Pedro (b. 1960)
Víctor María (b. 1961)
José María (b. 1964)
Andrés (b. 1965)
Pablo (b. 1965)
Signature


Leopoldo Ramón Pedro Calvo-Sotelo y Bustelo, 1st Marquess of Ría de Ribadeo, GE, OCIII, OCM (Spanish pronunciation: [leoˈpoldo ˈkalβosoˈtelo i βusˈtelo]; 14 April 1926 – 3 May 2008), known as Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo was Prime Minister of Spain between 1981 and 1982.




Contents






  • 1 Early life and career


  • 2 Political career


  • 3 President of the Government of Spain


  • 4 Later years


  • 5 Personal life


  • 6 General references


  • 7 References


  • 8 External links





Early life and career


Calvo-Sotelo was born into a prominent political family in Madrid on 14 April 1926 with his father, Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo,[1] as the writer and his mother, Mercedes Bustelo Márquez.[2] His uncle, José Calvo Sotelo, was the finance minister under Miguel Primo de Rivera, whose murder in 1936 precipitated the triggering of the Spanish Civil War.[2] Calvo-Sotelo graduated as a civil engineer from the School of Civil Engineers of Madrid now part of the Technical University of Madrid, working in the area of applications of chemistry to the industry.[2]


He was the president of RENFE (the Spanish national railroad network) between 1967 and 1968. Calvo-Sotelo was elected solicitor (Deputy) of Franco's Cortes, representing industrialists in the Union of Chemical Industries, in 1971.[2] A monarchist, Sotelo was one of the founders of an association of politicians, mostly of Rightists and Center Rightists, which disguised as the Fedisa publishing firm helped Spain's peaceful transition into democracy.[2]



Political career


Calvo-Sotelo was designated Minister of Commerce by Carlos Arias Navarro to be in the first government of the Monarchy (December 1975 – July 1976).[2] He advocated total destruction of Franco's ideals instead of mere superficial changes that politicians like Navarro planned.[2] Calvo-Sotelo was kept in the cabinet of Adolfo Suárez upon his succession to premiership in 1976 and directed several centre-right and centre-left political associations into one party, the Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD).[2] The UCD won in both the June 1977 and the March 1979 elections[2] and Calvo-Sotelo was elected MP for Madrid.



President of the Government of Spain


Suárez decided to keep him in the Cabinet, first from 1978 to 1980 as Minister for Relations of the European Economic Community, then as Second Vicepresident in charge of economic affairs.[2] After the resignation of Suárez on 29 January 1981, he was supposed to be appointed Prime Minister (Presidente del Gobierno) on 23 February, and advocated Spain's proposed entry into NATO as soon as possible.[2] However, on that date a session of the Congress of Deputies was interrupted by the attempted coup of 23-F.[2] After the failed coup, his appointment as Prime Minister was confirmed on 25 February by the vote of all the UCD members of the congress and 21 others as well, giving him a majority of 186 to 158.[2] Splits in the UCD group led to the formation of three rival parties, the Democratic Action Party (Partido de Acción Democrática/PAD), which soon merged with the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE), the Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) and Democratic Popular Party (PDP), resulting in the UCD being unable to count on sufficient support in the legislature. Fresh elections were called, resulting in a heavy defeat for the UCD, which won only 12 seats at the 1982 election compared to 168 in 1979. He served as Prime Minister until 1 December 1982 and was succeeded by the socialist Felipe González.[2]



Later years


In 2002, Calvo-Sotelo was raised into the Spanish nobility by King Juan Carlos of Spain and given the hereditary title of Marqués de la Ría de Ribadeo (Marquess of Ría de Ribadeo), together with the dignity Grande de España (English: Grandee of Spain), this in honor for his service.[3][4]


Calvo-Sotelo was also a member of the Club of Madrid[5] and of the Spanish Royal Academy of Engineering.


He died of cardiac arrest at his home in Pozuelo de Alarcón, on 3 May 2008.



Personal life


He was married to María del Pilar Ibáñez-Martín y Mellado and had eight children:



  • Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo e Ibáñez-Martín (b. Madrid, 4 September 1957), 2nd Marquess of Ría de Ribadeo, married to Cristina Egea y Gutiérrez-Cortines.

  • Juan Calvo-Sotelo e Ibáñez-Martín (b. Madrid, 14 November 1958), married to Lucía Fernández y Cartuxo

  • María del Pilar Calvo-Sotelo e Ibáñez-Martín (b. Madrid, 20 October 1959), married to Carlos Delclaux y Zulueta

  • Pedro Calvo-Sotelo e Ibáñez-Martín (b. Madrid, 20 December 1960), married to María Alvarez-Cascos y Gómez de Arteche

  • Víctor Calvo-Sotelo e Ibáñez-Martín (b. Madrid, 24 November 1961), unmarried and without issue

  • José María Calvo-Sotelo e Ibáñez-Martín (b. Madrid, 2 May 1964), unmarried and without issue

  • Andrés Calvo-Sotelo e Ibáñez-Martín (b. Lisbon, 14 August 1965), twin with the below, unmarried and without issue

  • Pablo Calvo-Sotelo e Ibáñez-Martín (b. Lisbon, 14 August 1965), twin with the above, married to Elvira García-Bellido y Capdevilla



General references



  • Mclean, Renwick (2006). "Spain Takes a Proud Look Back." International Herald Tribune. 24 February.

  • Preston, Paul (1990). The Triumph of Democracy in Spain. London: Routledge.

  • Rogers, Eamonn and Valerie Rogers, eds. (1999). Encyclopedia of Contemporary Spanish Culture. London: Routledge.

  • Walker, Jane (2006). "The Day Freedom Was Put in Peril." The Irish Times. 23 February.



References





  1. ^ Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo y Bustelo, 1. marqués de Ría de Ribadeo GeneAll


  2. ^ abcdefghijklmn "Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo: Post-Franco Prime Minister of Spain who survived an attempted coup and was determined to see the country join Nato". The Times. UK. 5 May 2008. Retrieved 13 May 2008..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  3. ^ Otras disposiciones BOE 25 June 2002


  4. ^ El Rey nombra a Calvo-Sotelo marqués de la Ría de Ribadeo con Grandeza de España Archived 7 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine La Voz la Galicia


  5. ^
    Club of Madrid





External links


Media related to Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo at Wikimedia Commons
























































Political offices
Preceded by
José Luis Cerón Ayuso

Minister of Commerce
1975–1976
Succeeded by
José Lladó Fernández-Urrutia
Preceded by
Antonio Valdés González-Roldán

Minister of Public Works
1976–1977
Succeeded by
Luis Ortiz González
Preceded by
Office created

Minister for Relations with the European Communities
1978–1980
Succeeded by
Eduardo Punset
Preceded by
Fernando Abril Martorell

Second Deputy Prime Minister of Spain
1980–1981
Succeeded by
Juan Antonio García Díez
Preceded by
Fernando Abril Martorell

Minister of Economy
1980–1981
Succeeded by
José Luis Leal Maldonado
Preceded by
Adolfo Suárez

Prime Minister of Spain
1981–1982
Succeeded by
Felipe González
Party political offices
Preceded by
Office created

Secretary-General of the Union of the Democratic Centre
1977-1978
Succeeded by
Rafael Arias-Salgado
Preceded by
Office created

Leader of the Centrist Group in the Congress of Deputies
1977–1978
Succeeded by
Antonio Jiménez Blanco
Preceded by
Agustín Rodríguez Sahagún

President of the Union of the Democratic Centre
1981–1982
Succeeded by
Landelino Lavilla

Spanish nobility

New creation

Marquess of Ría de Ribadeo
2002–2008
Succeeded by
Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo e Ibáñez-Martín









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