James Caldwell (clergyman)




For the Church of Christ clergyman who served from 1969 to 1978 in the Arkansas State Senate, see Jim Caldwell (Arkansas politician).
































James Caldwell

James Caldwell American Revolution.jpg
Artist's depiction of Caldwell at the Battle of Springfield

Born April 1734

Charlotte County, Province of Virginia
Died November 24, 1781
Elizabethtown, New Jersey
Burial place First Presbyterian Church of Elizabeth
Occupation Clergyman
Spouse(s) Hannah Ogden
Children 9 children
Parent(s) John Caldwell and Margaret Caldwell

James Caldwell (April 1734 – November 24, 1781) was a Presbyterian minister who played a prominent part in the American Revolution.




Contents






  • 1 Biography


  • 2 Legacy


  • 3 References


  • 4 External links





Biography


Caldwell was born in Cub Creek in Charlotte County, Province of Virginia, the seventh son of John and Margaret Caldwell, who were Scots-Irish settlers, and traced their ancestry to Huguenots who fled France to Scotland in the 16th century, established Caldwell Castle and later defended Ulster Plantation and Londonderry.[1] James Caldwell graduated from the College of New Jersey (later called Princeton University) in 1759 and, although he inherited 500 acres (2.0 km2) in Cub Creek, chose to become pastor of the Presbyterian Church in Elizabethtown, New Jersey. He was an active partisan on the side of the Patriots, and was known as the "Fighting Parson".[2] His church and his house were burned by Loyalists in 1780.


While Caldwell was stationed with the army in Morristown, his wife Hannah was killed by British gunfire under disputed circumstances during the Battle of Connecticut Farms in what is now Union Township, an act which Union County immortalizes on their county seal to this day.[3] His wife had been at home with their baby and a 3 year old toddler. As the British moved into Connecticut Farms, Hannah Caldwell was shot through a window or wall as she sat with her children on a bed.


Caldwell, who fought in the Battle of Springfield, was killed on November 24, 1781, by an American sentry in Elizabethtown, New Jersey, when he refused to have a package inspected. The sentry, James Morgan, was hanged for murder on January 29, 1782 in Westfield, New Jersey, amid rumors that he had been bribed to kill the chaplain. Their nine orphaned children were raised by the family's friends.



Legacy



  • A monument to Caldwell in Elizabeth, New Jersey was dedicated in 1846.

  • Three towns, known collectively as The Caldwells are named for James Caldwell:

    • Caldwell, New Jersey

    • North Caldwell, New Jersey

    • West Caldwell, New Jersey




  • James Caldwell High School in West Caldwell also carries his name, as does James Caldwell Elementary School in Springfield, New Jersey.


  • Hannah Caldwell Elementary School in Union, New Jersey, which carries his wife's name.


  • Caldwell University (formerly Caldwell College) located in Caldwell, NJ also carries his name.



References





  1. ^ https://archive.org/stream/westvirginiaitsp02mill/westvirginiaitsp02mill_djvu.txt


  2. ^ "History of West Caldwell". Township of West Caldwell. Caldwell earned the nickname "the Fighting Parson" because of his aid to Washington's men as they battled in various parts of Horseneck..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  3. ^ Union County officials battle activist over use of controversial county seal July 10, 2011.



For the date of the murder, see New Jersey Supreme Court, case number 37028, New Jersey State Archives, Trenton, NJ



External links



  • Clan Currie biography of James Caldwell

  • Chicago Scots club biography


  • James Caldwell at Find a Grave









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