Solved

Thanks to user MarkMoose I realized that my database table was not storing the full IDs.
Future debuggers: If that does not help you solve your problem please look at my conversation with MarkMoose, they walked me through very useful troubleshooting steps.

I am trying to create a Microsoft Teams bot hosted on Azure using Microsoft Bot SDK Version 4.0.

The flow is as follows

1. 
   

   Web app alarm triggers. Sends a POST request to the bot that contains (all this data gathered from a previous message from the user)

   
   
   
   
   
   • To ID (of recipient user)
   
   
   • To Name (of recipient user)
   
   
   • From ID (my bot)
   
   
   • From Name (my bot)
   
   
   • channel ID
   
   
   • conversation ID
   
   
   • Service URL (of recipient user)
   
   
   
   



2. Bot extracts that info from JSON forms new message activity



3. Bot sends activity to the user

Problem: When the bot attempts to create a ConversationAccount object using the credentials listed above it throws the following error:

Exception caught: Microsoft.Bot.Schema.ErrorResponseException: Operation returned an invalid status code 'BadRequest'

Here is the part of the relevant part of the code.

Note specifically the following lines:

var account = new MicrosoftAppCredentials(botCreds["App ID"], botCreds["App Password"]);

var jwtToken = await account.GetTokenAsync();

ConnectorClient connector = new ConnectorClient(new System.Uri(serviceURL), account);

These are the lines that slightly differ when I found other peoples solutions to my problem. In my current version of the code I am using this posts solution. I have also tried the DelegatingHandler class he created but it throws the same error.

/// <summary>

/// Sends a message to a user or group chat.

/// </summary>

/// <param name="forwardContext">JSON object containing credentials for destination chat.</param>

/// <param name="messageToSend">The message to forward.</param>

/// <returns></returns>

private async Task ForwardMessage(JToken forwardContext, string messageToSend)

{

    // Collect data from JSON input

    var restCmd = forwardContext;

    var toId = (string) restCmd["toId"];

    var toName = (string) restCmd["toName"];

    var fromId = (string) restCmd["fromId"];

    var fromName = (string) restCmd["fromName"];

    var channelId = (string) restCmd["channel"];

    var serviceURL = (string) restCmd["serviceURL"];

    var conversationId = (string) restCmd["conversation"];

    var cred_str = $@"toId: {toId}

    toName: {toName}

    fromId: {fromId}

    fromName: {fromName}

    channelId: {channelId}

    serviceURL: {serviceURL}

    conversationId: {conversationId}";

    _logger.LogInformation(cred_str);

    _logger.LogInformation($"Forwarding the following message to {toName}: {messageToSend}");



    Dictionary<string, string> botCreds = GetBotCredentials();



    // Create relevant accounts

    ChannelAccount userAccount = new ChannelAccount(name: toName, id: toId);

    ChannelAccount botAccount = new ChannelAccount(name: fromName, id: fromId);

    if (!MicrosoftAppCredentials.IsTrustedServiceUrl(serviceURL))

    {

        _logger.LogInformation($"Adding to trusted service urls: {serviceURL}");



        // Register the service URL as trusted

        MicrosoftAppCredentials.TrustServiceUrl(serviceURL);

    }

    MicrosoftAppCredentials.TrustServiceUrl(serviceURL);

    var account = new MicrosoftAppCredentials(botCreds["App ID"], botCreds["App Password"]);

    var jwtToken = await account.GetTokenAsync();

    ConnectorClient connector = new ConnectorClient(new System.Uri(serviceURL), account);



    // Create a new message activity

    IMessageActivity message = Activity.CreateMessageActivity();



    conversationId = (

        await connector

        .Conversations

        .CreateDirectConversationAsync(botAccount, userAccount)).Id;



    // Set relevant message details

    message.From = botAccount;

    message.Recipient = userAccount;

    message.Text = messageToSend;

    message.Locale = "en-Us";

    message.ChannelId = channelId;



    // Create a new converstaion and add it to the message.

    message.Conversation = new ConversationAccount(id: conversationId);

    await connector.Conversations.SendToConversationAsync((Activity) message);

}

And here is my code for gathering the information used above. This function gets called when the user first interacts with the bot.

/// <summary>

    /// Called only when the !setup command is sent to the bot.

    /// Updates the chats info in the DB.

    /// </summary>

    /// <param name="activity">Activity of the message the "!setup" command was sent in.</param>

    /// <returns>True if the update query executed fine.</returns>

    private bool SetupCommand(Activity activity)

    {

        // Connect to the database

        this.database = new DBConnection(serverIP, databaseName, userName, password, _logger);

        this.database.Connect();

        var tableName = "ms_teams_chats";



        // Data gathered from Activity for database.



        // User ID

        string toId = activity.From.Id;



        // User Name

        string toName = activity.From.Name;



        // Bot ID

        string fromId = activity.Recipient.Id;



        // Bot Name

        string fromName = activity.Recipient.Name;



        // Users service URL

        string serviceURL = activity.ServiceUrl;



        // The platform the message came from. Example: 'skype'

        string channelId = activity.ChannelId;

        string conversationID = activity.Conversation.Id;



        string conversationName = activity.Conversation.Name;

        bool isGroupChat = activity.Conversation.IsGroup ?? false;



        string upsertQuery = string.Empty;

        upsertQuery = $@"

            INSERT INTO {tableName} 

                (user_id, user_name, assoc_bot_id, assoc_bot_name, service_url, channel_id, conversation_id, is_group_chat)

            VALUES (

                '{toId}', '{toName}', '{fromId}', '{fromName}', '{serviceURL}', '{channelId}', '{conversationID}', {isGroupChat}

            )

            ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE

            user_id = '{toId}',

            user_name = '{toName}',

            assoc_bot_id = '{fromId}',

            assoc_bot_name = '{fromName}',

            service_url = '{serviceURL}',

            channel_id = '{channelId}',

            conversation_id = '{conversationID}',

            is_group_chat = {isGroupChat}

        ";

        try

        {

            this.database.ExecuteNonQuery(upsertQuery);

        }

        catch (System.Exception e)

        {

            _logger.LogError($"Could not update users information. nError:{e.ToString()}");

            return false;

        }



        return true;

    }

It seems you are struggling with the same issue I had last week. it seems that the CreateDirectConversationAsync does not work in MS Teams as Teams also needs a tennantId.
I found a statement about this here: https://github.com/Microsoft/BotBuilder/issues/2944

the answer mentions a nuget package (Microsoft.Bot.Connector.Teams) that is no longer available in V4 of the SDK. but as I see that you already got a conversationId from your JSON input, this should not be a problem. just use the conversationId you passed in the JSON.
if you would do this, your code could look something like:

private static async Task SendProActiveMessgae()private async Task ForwardMessage(JToken forwardContext, string messageToSend)

{

    // Collect data from JSON input

    var restCmd = forwardContext;

    var toId = (string) restCmd["toId"];

    var toName = (string) restCmd["toName"];

    var fromId = (string) restCmd["fromId"];

    var fromName = (string) restCmd["fromName"];

    var serviceURL = (string) restCmd["serviceURL"]

    var conversationId = (string) restCmd["conversation"];



    var uri = new Uri(serviceURL);

    var appId = "APP ID";

    var appSecret = "APP PASSWORD";

    ConnectorClient connector = new ConnectorClient(uri, appId, appSecret);



    var activity = new Activity()

    {

        Type = ActivityTypes.Message,

        From = new ChannelAccount(fromId, fromName),

        Recipient = new ChannelAccount(toId, toName),

        Conversation = new ConversationAccount(false, "personal", conversationId),

        Text = messageToSend

    };

    try

    {

        MicrosoftAppCredentials.TrustServiceUrl(serviceURL);

        await connector.Conversations.SendToConversationAsync(conversationId, activity);

    }

    catch (Exception ex)

    {

        Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);

    }

}