International Council for Science
 | |
| Abbreviation | ICSU |
|---|---|
| Formation | 1931 (1931) |
| Type | INGO |
| Headquarters | Paris, France |
President | Gordon McBean |
| Website | International Council for Science |
Formerly called | International Council of Scientific Unions |
members
members as participants in the Caribbean Academy of Sciences or University of the South Pacific
The International Council for Science (ICSU, after its former name, International Council of Scientific Unions) was an international organization devoted to international cooperation in the advancement of science. Its members are national scientific bodies and international scientific unions.
In July 2018 ICSU merged with the International Social Science Council (ISSC) to form the International Science Council.
In 2017 ICSU comprised 122 multi-disciplinary National Scientific Members, Associates and Observers representing 142 countries and 31 international, disciplinary Scientific Unions. ICSU also had 22 Scientific Associates.[1]
Contents
1 Mission and principles
2 History
3 Universality of science
4 Structure
5 Finances
6 Member Scientific Unions
7 Member Scientific Associates
8 See also
9 References
10 Bibliography
11 External links
Mission and principles
ICSU’s mission was to strengthen international science for the benefit of society. To do this, ICSU mobilized the knowledge and resources of the international scientific community to:
- Identify and address major issues of importance to science and society.
- Facilitate interaction amongst scientists across all disciplines and from all countries.
- Promote the participation of all scientists — regardless of race, citizenship, language, political stance, or gender — in the international scientific endeavour.
- Provide independent, authoritative advice to stimulate constructive dialogue between the scientific community and governments, civil society, and the private sector."[2]
Activities focused on three areas: International Research Collaboration, Science for Policy, and Universality of Science.
History
In 2018 ICSU became the International Science Council.
ICSU itself was one of the oldest non-governmental organizations in the world, representing the evolution and expansion of two earlier bodies known as the International Association of Academies (IAA; 1899-1914) and the International Research Council (IRC; 1919-1931). In 1998, Members agreed that the Council’s current composition and activities would be better reflected by modifying the name from the International Council of Scientific Unions to the International Council for Science, while its rich history and strong identity would be well served by retaining the existing acronym, ICSU.[3]
Universality of science
The ICSU Principle of Universality of Science states: "the free and responsible practice of science is fundamental to scientific advancement and human and environmental well-being. Such practice, in all its aspects, requires freedom of movement, association, expression and communication for scientists, as well as equitable access to data, information, and other resources for research. It requires responsibility at all levels to carry out and communicate scientific work with integrity, respect, fairness, trustworthiness, and transparency, recognising its benefits and possible harms.
In advocating the free and responsible practice of science, ICSU promotes equitable opportunities for access to science and its benefits, and opposes discrimination based on such factors as ethnic origin, religion, citizenship, language, political or other opinion, sex, gender identity, sexual orientation, disability, or age." [4]
Adherence to this Principle is a condition of ICSU membership. The Committee on Freedom and Responsibility in the conduct of Science (CFRS) "serves as the guardian of the Principle and undertakes a variety of actions to defend scientific freedoms and promote integrity and responsibility."[5]
Structure
The ICSU Secretariat (20 staff in 2012) in Paris ensured the day-to-day planning and operations under the guidance of an elected Executive Board. Three Policy Committees − Committee on Scientific Planning and Review (CSPR), Committee on Freedom and Responsibility in the conduct of Science (CFRS) and Committee on Finance − assisted the Executive Board in its work and a General Assembly of all Members was convened every three years. ICSU has three Regional Offices − Africa, Asia and the Pacific as well as Latin America and the Caribbean.
Finances
The principal source of ICSU's finances was the contributions it receives from its members. Other sources of income are the framework contracts from UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) and grants and contracts from United Nations bodies, foundations and agencies, which are used to support the scientific activities of the ICSU Unions and interdisciplinary bodies.
Member Scientific Unions
| Abbreviation | Union | Member Since | Field |
|---|---|---|---|
| IAU | International Astronomical Union | 1922 | Astronomy |
| IBRO | International Brain Research Organization | 1993 | Neuroscience |
| ICA | International Cartographic Association | 1990 | Cartography |
| IGU | International Geographical Union | 1923 | Geography |
| IMU | International Mathematical Union | 1922 | Mathematics |
| INQUA | International Union for Quaternary Research | 2005 | Quaternary Period |
| ISA | International Sociological Association | 2011 | Sociology and Social Sciences |
| ISPRS | International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing | 2002 | Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing |
| IUAES | International Union of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences | 1993 | Anthropology and Ethnology |
| IUBMB | International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology | 1955 | Biochemistry and Molecular Biology |
| IUBS | International Union of Biological Sciences | 1925 | Biology |
| IUCr | International Union of Crystallography | 1947 | Crystallography |
| IUFRO | International Union of Forest Research Organizations | 2005 | Forestry |
| IUFoST | International Union of Food Science and Technology | 1996 | Food science and Food technology |
| IUGG | International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics | 1919 | Geodesy and Geophysics |
| IUGS | International Union of Geological Sciences | 1922 | Geology |
| IUHPS | International Union of History and Philosophy of Science | 1922 | History of science and Philosophy of science |
| IUIS | International Union of Immunological Societies | 1976 | Immunology |
| IUMRS | International Union of Materials Research Societies | 2005 | Materials science |
| IUMS | International Union of Microbiological Societies | 1982 | Microbiology |
| IUNS | International Union of Nutritional Sciences | 1968 | Nutrition |
| IUPAB | International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics | 1966 | Biophysics |
| IUPAC | International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry | 1922 | Chemistry |
| IUPAP | International Union of Pure and Applied Physics | 1922 | Physics |
| IUPESM | International Union for Physical and Engineering Sciences in Medicine | 1999 | Medical physics |
| IUPHAR | International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology | 1972 | Pharmacology |
| IUPS | International Union of Physiological Sciences | 1955 | Physiology |
| IUPsyS | International Union of Psychological Science | 1982 | Psychology |
| IUSS | International Union of Soil Sciences | 1993 | Soil science |
| IUTAM | International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics | 1947 | Mechanics |
| IUTOX | International Union of Toxicology | 1996 | Toxicology |
| URSI | International Union of Radio Science | 1922 | Radio science |
Member Scientific Associates
| Abbr. | Associate |
|---|---|
| 4S | Society for Social Studies of Science |
| AAS | African Academy of Sciences |
| AASSA | Association of Academies and Societies of Sciences in Asia |
| ACAL | Academia de Ciencias de América Latina |
| CIE | Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage |
| FIG | Fédération internationale des géomètres |
| IAHR | International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research |
| IASC | International Arctic Science Committee |
| ICA (acoustics) | International Commission for Acoustics |
| ICIAM | International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics |
| ICLAS | International Council for Laboratory Animal Science |
| ICO | International Commission for Optics |
| ICSTI | International Council for Scientific and Technical Information |
| IFIP | International Federation for Information Processing |
| IFLA | International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions |
| IFS | International Foundation for Science |
| IFSM | International Federation of Societies for Microscopy |
| IIASA | International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis |
| IUVSTA | International Union for Vacuum Science, Technique and Applications |
| IWA | International Water Association |
| PSA | Pacific Science Association |
| TWAS | The World Academy of Sciences |
| UIS | Union Internationale de Spéléologie |
See also
Diversitas project, closed Dec 2014 transferred Jan 2015 to ICS as Future Earth
| Abbr. | Organisation |
|---|---|
| CIAAW | Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights |
| CODATA | Committee on Data for Science and Technology |
| COSPAR | Committee on Space Research |
| GCOS | Global Climate Observing System |
| IGBP | International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme |
| IHDP | International Human Dimensions Programme |
| SCAR | Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research |
| SCOPE | Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment |
| INASP | International Network for the Availability of Scientific Publications |
| WCRP | World Climate Research Programme |
| WDS | World Data System |
References
^ ICSU’s Our Members web page, updated on 6 October 2017
^ ICSU’s About Us web page, updated on 14 December 2011
^ ICSU’s A Brief History web page, updated on 6 October 2017
^ International Council for Science (September 2011). Statutes and Rules of Procedure (PDF). Paris, France: ISCU. p. 2. Retrieved 6 October 2017..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
^ ICSU’s Universality of Science web section, updated on 6 October 2017
Bibliography
- Greenaway, Frank (2006) Science International: A History of the International Council of Scientific Unions Cambridge University Press
ISBN 9780521028103
- Frängsmyr, Tore (1990) Solomon's house revisited: the organization and institutionalization of science. Science History Publications, U.S.A.
ISBN 9780881350661
- Crawford, Elisabeth (2002) Nationalism and Internationalism in Science, 1880-1939. Cambridge University Press
ISBN 9780521524742
External links
- Official website
ICSU at University of Waterloo Scholarly Societies directory
ICSU at United Nations
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