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1988 UEFA European Football Championship

UEFA Fußball-Europameisterschaft Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1988
UEFA Euro 1988 official logo
Tournament details
Host country	West Germany
Dates	10–25 June
Teams	8
Venue(s)	8 (in 8 host cities)
Final positions
Champions	Netherlands (1st title)
Runners-up	Soviet Union
Tournament statistics
Matches played	15
Goals scored	34 (2.27 per match)
Attendance	849,844 (56,656 per match)
Top scorer(s)	Marco van Basten (5 goals)
← 1984 1992 →

The 1988 UEFA European Football Championship final tournament was held in West Germany between 10 and 25 June 1988. It was the eighth European Football Championship, which is held every four years and supported by UEFA.

The tournament crowned the Netherlands as European champions for the first time. Euro 88 was a rare instance of a major football tournament ending without a single sending-off or goalless draw, nor any knockout matches going to extra time or penalties.

Bid process

West Germany won the right to host the tournament with five votes ahead of a joint bid from Norway, Sweden and Denmark, who gained 1 vote, and a bid from England.^[1]

Because the Eastern Bloc disagreed that West Berlin was part of the Federal Republic of Germany, the German Football Association ruled out playing Championship matches in West Berlin. This secured the participation of Eastern European members of UEFA. In the 1974 FIFA World Cup, however, West Berlin had hosted three games.

As a compromise, Berlin Olympic Stadium did host a Four Nations Tournament in 1988, with West Germany playing against the Soviet Union, Argentina and Sweden.^[2]

Overview

Group matches

The first group pitted two pre-tournament favourites West Germany and Italy together, along with Spain and Denmark. The Italians had not played in the competition finals since the 1980 edition, which they hosted and West Germany won. Spain and Denmark contested the second semi-final of the 1984 edition. Spain prevailed on penalty-kicks, but lost the final to hosts, France who failed to qualify in 1988.

The Germans and Italians played out the opening game. This game was tightly contested. Roberto Mancini capitalised on a defensive error on the left-hand side of the German goal and the striker squeezed in a shot from a tight angle. Just three minutes later, Italy's goalkeeper, Walter Zenga was penalized for taking more than four steps with the ball and Andreas Brehme scored the resulting free-kick. Both teams settled for a 1–1 draw.

Spain defeated Denmark again, this time 3–2. Míchel opened the scoring after five minutes and Michael Laudrup equalised twenty minutes later. Spain dominated the next hour and Emilio Butragueño and Rafael Gordillo put the Spanish 3–1 to the good. A late surge saw Flemming Povlsen reduce the score line, but was not enough for the Danes, who now needed to win both their remaining games to be certain of a place in the semi-finals.

In the remaining games the West Germans swept aside the Danes and Spanish. Jürgen Klinsmann and Olaf Thon scored to dispatch the former 2–0 while two goals from Rudi Völler was enough to beat Spain 2–0. The second goal was particularly notable. Lothar Matthäus ran forty yards into the Spanish penalty box before back-heeling the ball for the oncoming Völler, following up his run, to strike the ball with the outside of his foot and into the corner of the goal.

The Italians won a difficult match against the Spanish 1–0, courtesy of a goal from Gianluca Vialli, a low cross-shot to the net on 73 minutes. In the last games, against an already eliminated Denmark, the Italians prevailed by two goals to nil.

The second group witnessed a surprising set of results. In the opening game, one of the pre-tournament favourites England lost 0–1 to Ireland. Ray Houghton scored a looping header after six minutes after the English defence failed to clear a cross. The English applied strong pressure as the game wore on. Gary Lineker was unusually sluggish, missing a series of chances and hitting the cross bar.^[3] In the other opening game, the Soviet Union defeated the Netherlands 1–0 through a Vasyl Rats goal, despite the Dutch dominating for long periods.

England met the Netherlands in Düsseldorf; both needed to win. England started strongly with Lineker hitting a post and Glenn Hoddle striking the post with a free-kick. The English defence, weakened by the absence of Terry Butcher, conceded the first of three goals to Marco van Basten on 44 minutes. Van Basten turned Butcher's replacement Tony Adams and beat Peter Shilton – playing his 100th game for England – to give his side a 1–0 lead. England rallied after the break. Lineker and Bryan Robson exchanged a kick one-two pass allowing Robson to burst into the box and lift the ball over Hans van Breukelen after 53 minutes. The score remained when Van Basten turned Tony Adams inside out to finish from 18 yards on 71 minutes. The striker pounced from close-range after a corner to seal a 3–1 win four minutes later.

The Irish and Soviets led the group after two games through a 1–1 draw in Hanover. Ronnie Whelan scored a spectacular left foot volley from 18 yards to put the Irish into the lead. Oleh Protasov equalised with a low shot as the Soviet exerted late pressure.

Needing to defeat the Irish to progress, the Dutch won the game 1–0 through a late Wim Kieft goal. The ball deflected into his path and he delivered a looping header which spun into the right corner of the Irish net with nine minutes remaining just after Paul McGrath hit a Dutch post with a header. In the other game the Soviets soundly thrashed England. A mistake from Hoddle allowed Sergei Aleinikov to score after three minutes. Adams equalised and England had chances to go ahead, but a goal before half time and late in the game assured the Soviet Union would finish in first place in the group.^[4]

Semi-finals and final

The first semi-final was significant as rivals West Germany played the Netherlands. It was only the third time the two sides had faced each other since the 1974 FIFA World Cup Final; the West Germans winning a first round match in the 1980 European Championship, and a 2–2 draw in a 1978 FIFA World Cup second round group match. The game was tight, and the West Germans broke the deadlock on 55 minutes with a Matthäus penalty after a foul on Klinsmann. The lead was held for 20 minutes until Jürgen Kohler brought down Van Basten. Ronald Koeman converted the spot-kick to level the match. With the match headed for extra time a through ball caught the Germans out and Van Basten finished clinically with a shot as he slid along the floor, beating the goal keeper and Kohler to the ball in the 88th minute for a 2–1 win. It gave the Dutch their first competitive victory against the Germans and first appearance in the competition's final. The victory was marred by the reaction of Dutch defender Koeman who wiped the shirt of Olaf Thon, given to him after the match, on his backside in front of the German fans. The player apologised afterwards.

The other semi-final was another unpredictable result. Italy were strong favourites to reach the final and had beaten the Soviets 4–1 in a friendly just two months earlier. Despite controlling the play and having the majority of the chances, the Italians were undone by poor finishing, and a strong, tough opposition who sought to stop their more skillful opponents playing through hard tackles and a defensive strategy. The hard work-rate of the Soviets paid off and four second half minutes, counter-attacks saw two goals from Hennadiy Lytovchenko and Oleg Protasov. The first one from Lytovchenko was initially blocked, but quick reactions beat Franco Baresi to the ball to fire the second shot into the far corner. The second from Protasov was a looping shot which floated over Zenga for a 2–0 victory. It would be the Soviet Union's fourth appearance in a European Championship final.

The final was played on 25 June between the Soviet Union, in what would turn out to be the nation's last European Championship match, and the Netherlands at the Olympiastadion in Munich. The Dutch won the match 2–0, with goals coming from captain Ruud Gullit and tournament top scorer Marco van Basten. Hans van Breukelen blocked a low penalty shot of Igor Belanov. Van Basten's goal would later be described as one of the greatest goals in the history of the European Championships.^[5][6]

Qualification

Qualified teams

Seven countries had to qualify for the final stage. West Germany qualified automatically as hosts of the event. The holders, France, failed to qualify.^[7] The following eight teams qualified for the final tournament:

Team	Qualified as	Qualified on	Previous appearances in tournament[A]
West Germany	Host	14 March 1985	4 (1972, 1976, 1980, 1984)
Denmark	Group 6 winner	14 October 1987	2 (1964, 1984)
Soviet Union	Group 3 winner	28 October 1987	4 (1960, 1964, 1968, 1972)
England	Group 4 winner	11 November 1987	2 (1968, 1980)
Republic of Ireland	Group 7 winner	11 November 1987	0 (debut)
Italy	Group 2 winner	14 November 1987	2 (1968, 1980)
Netherlands	Group 5 winner	9 December 1987	2 (1976, 1980)
Spain	Group 1 winner	18 December 1987	3 (1964, 1980, 1984)

Venues

Munich Gelsenkirchen Hamburg Frankfurt Düsseldorf Hanover Stuttgart Cologne		Munich	Gelsenkirchen
		Olympiastadion	Parkstadion
		Capacity: 69,256	Capacity: 70,748
		Hamburg	Frankfurt
		Volksparkstadion	Waldstadion
		Capacity: 61,330	Capacity: 61,056
Düsseldorf	Hanover	Stuttgart	Cologne
Rheinstadion	Niedersachsenstadion	Neckarstadion	Müngersdorfer Stadion
Capacity: 68,400	Capacity: 60,366	Capacity: 70,705	Capacity: 60,584

Squads

Each national team had to submit a squad of 20 players.

Match officials

• 
  Horst Brummeier
  


• 
  Alexis Ponnet
  


• 
  Siegfried Kirschen
  


• 
  Keith Hackett
  


• 
  Michel Vautrot
  


• 
  Paolo Casarin
  


• 
  Bep Thomas
  


• 
  José Rosa dos Santos
  


• 
  Ioan Igna
  


• 
  Bob Valentine
  


• 
  Emilio Soriano Aladrén
  


• 
  Erik Fredriksson
  


• 
  Bruno Galler
  


• 
  Dieter Pauly
  

Group stage

The teams finishing in the top two positions in each of the two groups progress to the semi-finals, while the bottom two teams in each group were eliminated from the tournament.

All times are local, CEST (UTC+2).

Tiebreakers

If two or more teams finished level on points after completion of the group matches, the following tie-breakers were used to determine the final ranking:

1. Greater number of points in all group matches


2. Goal difference in all group matches


3. Greater number of goals scored in all group matches


4. Drawing of lots

Group 1

Pos	Team [ v t e ]	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts	Qualification
1	West Germany (H)	3	2	1	0	5	1	+4	5	Advance to knockout stage
2	Italy	3	2	1	0	4	1	+3	5
3	Spain	3	1	0	2	3	5	−2	2
4	Denmark	3	0	0	3	2	7	−5	0

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Group 2

Pos	Team [ v t e ]	Pld	W	D	L	GF	GA	GD	Pts	Qualification
1	Soviet Union	3	2	1	0	5	2	+3	5	Advance to knockout stage
2	Netherlands	3	2	0	1	4	2	+2	4
3	Republic of Ireland	3	1	1	1	2	2	0	3
4	England	3	0	0	3	2	7	−5	0

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Knockout stage

In the knockout phase, extra time and a penalty shoot-out were used to decide the winner if necessary.

As with every tournament since UEFA Euro 1984, there was no third place play-off.

All times are local, CEST (UTC+2).

Bracket

	Semi-finals				Final
	22 June – Stuttgart
	Soviet Union	2
					25 June – Munich
	Italy	0
					Soviet Union	0
	21 June – Hamburg
					Netherlands	2
	West Germany	1
	Netherlands	2

Semi-finals

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Final

Statistics

Goalscorers

There were 34 goals scored in 15 matches, for an average of 2.27 goals per match.

5 goals

2 goals

1 goal

Awards

UEFA Team of the Tournament^[9]

Goalkeeper	Defenders	Midfielders	Forwards
Hans van Breukelen	Giuseppe Bergomi Paolo Maldini Ronald Koeman Frank Rijkaard	Giuseppe Giannini Jan Wouters Lothar Matthäus	Gianluca Vialli Ruud Gullit Marco van Basten

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to UEFA Euro 1988.

• 
  UEFA Euro 1988 at UEFA.com