Sapieha

























Sapieha

Grand COA of Sapiega family (Lithuania).png
Princely arms of the family (1858–59)

Ethnicity
Ruthenian, Lithuanian, Polish, Belarusian
Current region
Belarus, Lithuania, Poland
Members
Lew Sapieha
Eustachy Sapieha
Estate(s)
Sapieha Palace in Warsaw
Sapieha Palace in Lviv
Sapieha Palace in Vilnius
Ruzhany Palace



Lew Sapieha, the most prominent member of the family




Jan Fryderyk Sapieha





Adam Stefan Sapieha – Archbishop of Kraków.


Sapieha ([saˈpʲjɛxa]; Belarusian: Сапега, Sapeha; Lithuanian: Sapiega) is a princely (magnate) family of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania of Ruthenian origin,[1][2][3] descending from the medieval boyars of Smolensk or Polack.[4][5] The family acquired great influence and wealth in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth during the 16th century.




Contents






  • 1 History


  • 2 Coat of arms


  • 3 Notable members


  • 4 Palaces


  • 5 See also


  • 6 Bibliography


  • 7 References





History


The first confirmed records of the Sapieha family date back to the 15th century, when Semen Sopiha (Belarusian: Сямён Сапега) was mentioned as a writer (scribe) of the then King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, Casimir IV Jagiellon (Polish: Kazimierz IV Jagiellończyk) for the period of 1441–49. Semen had two sons, Bohdan and Iwan.


Possibly, the family of Semen Sopiha owned the village of Sopieszyno near Gdansk, which they left because of the Teutonic invasion. Sopieszyno is one of the oldest Pomeranian villages. The records have it that already in the 11th-12th centuries it was a knightly estate[6]. It was then mentioned in 1399 as a village owned in fiefdom by knights subject to the Polish Crown.[6] Their family could be involved in the Baltic-Volga trade, as many Pomeranian families. It is archeologically evident that the Western Dvina was part of the trade route from the Varangians to the Arabs. Their family's appearance near Smolensk corresponds to that.


The creator of the fortune and power of the Sapieha family was the Court and Great Chancellor and Great Hetman of Lithuania, Lew Sapieha.


The princely title of the Sapieha-Kodenski branch was recognized in Poland in 1572 and in Austria-Hungary in 1845, while that of the Sapieha-Rozanski line was officially acknowledged in Russia in 1880.[7]


On 14 September 1700, Michał Franciszek Sapieha had obtained the title of prince from Emperor Leopold I, but the title became extinct upon his death on 19 November 1700. That year, the family lost its dominant position in the Grand Duchy as a result of its defeat in the Lithuanian Civil War. In 1768, members of the Sapieha family obtained recognition of the princely title from the Polish Sejm. After the partitions of Poland, the family appeared in the list of persons authorised to bear the title of Prince of the Kingdom of Poland in 1824. The title was recognised in Austria in 1836 and 1840, and in Russia in 1874 and 1901. In 1905, the family obtained the qualification of Serene Highness in Austria.


The maternal grandmother of Queen Mathilde of Belgium was a member of the house of Sapieha.



Coat of arms


The Sapieha family used the Polish coat of arms named "Lis".[7]






  • Lis coat of arms







  • Original arms of the Princes Sapieha







  • Later arms of the Princes Sapieha (1858–1859)






Notable members




  • Andrzej Sapieha (1539–1621), Great Royal Deputy Cup-bearer of Lithuania, castellan of Minsk, and Voivode of Polotsk and Smolensk


  • Lew Sapieha (1557–1633), Court Chancellor and Great Hetman of Lithuania


  • Paweł Stefan Sapieha (1565–1635), Deputy Chancellor of Lithuania


  • Jan Piotr Sapieha (1569–1611), Polish royal officer


  • Mikołaj Sapieha (1581–1644), voivode of Minsk and of Brześć Litewski, castellan of Vilnius


  • Mikołaj Sapieha (1588–1638), voivode of Minsk and of Nowogródek


  • Jan Stanisław Sapieha (1589–1635), Court Marshal of Lithuania, Great Lithuanian Marshal


  • Tomasz Sapieha (1598–1646), voivode of Wenden and of Nowogródek


  • Fryderyk Sapieha (1599–1650), voivode of Mścisław, podkomorzy of Vitebsk


  • Kazimierz Lew Sapieha (1607–1656), Marshal of the Crown, son of Lew Sapieha


  • Paweł Jan Sapieha (1609–1665), voivode of the Witebsk and Vilnius, Great Hetman of Lithuania


  • Mikołaj Krzysztof Sapieha (1613–1639), voivode of Minsk


  • Jan Kazimierz Sapieha the Younger, (ca. 1642–1720), Field Hetman


  • Michał Franciszek Sapieha (1670–1700), General, Koniuszy


  • Jan Kazimierz Sapieha the Elder (?–1730), Grand Hetman of Lithuania


  • Jan Fryderyk Sapieha (1680–1751), Grand Recorder of Lithuania


  • Teresa Sapieha (died c.1784), wife of Hieronim Florian Radziwiłł and Joachim Karol Potocki


  • Aleksander Michał Sapieha (1730–1793), voivode of Płock, Field Lithuanian Hetman, Grand Lithuanian Chancellor, marshal of the Lithuanian Tribunal


  • Kazimierz Nestor Sapieha (1757–1798), political activist, general


  • Franciszek Sapieha (1772–1829), general, he participated in the Kosciuszko uprising


  • Eustachy Kajetan Sapieha (1797–1860), he participated in the November uprising, politically tied with the "Hôtel Lambert"


  • Anna Zofia Sapieha (1799–1864), wife of Adam Jerzy Czartoryski


  • Leon Sapieha (1803–1878), political and economic activist


  • Władysław Leon Sapieha (1853–1920), landowner, social activist


  • Paweł Sapieha (1860–1934), traveler, first chairman of the Polish Red Cross


  • Adam Stefan Sapieha (1867–1951), cardinal, archbishop of Kraków


  • Eustachy Sapieha (1881–1963), politician, Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs


  • Leon Aleksander Sapieha (1883–1944), landlord, member of the Sejm, member of Związek Walki Zbrojnej and the Armia Krajowa


  • Józef Sapieha, he participated in the Polish–Soviet War


  • Aleksander Sapieha (1888–1976), aviator


  • Adam Zygmunt Sapieha (1892–1970), cavalryman, aviator


  • Andrzej Józef Sapieha (1894–1945), he participated in the Polish–Soviet War, member of the Armia Krajowa


  • Stanisław Sapieha (1896–1919), defender of Lwów


  • Paweł Maria Sapieha (1900–1987), he participated in the Polish–Soviet War


  • Jan Andrzej Sapieha (1910–1989), head of House Sapieha,[7] he participated in the Defence War of 1939


  • Maria Sapieha (1910–2009), social activist


  • Lew Jerzy Sapieha (1913–1990), poet, writer


  • Leon Roman Sapieha (1915–1940), pilot of the Polish Air Forces in Great Britain in World War II


  • Eustachy Seweryn Sapieha (1916–2004), hunter, historian of the Sapieha family


  • Zofia Maria Sapieha (1919–1997), grandmother of Queen Mathilde of Belgium


  • Karol Władysław Sapieha (1920–1941), pilot of the Polish Air Forces in Great Britain in World War II


  • Róża Maria Sapieha (1921–1944), member of the Armia Krajowa, she participated in the Warsaw uprising of 1944


  • Paola Maria de Bourbon Orléans e Bragança Sapieha (1983), model and product designer, wife of fashion photographer Prince Constantin Swiatopolk-Czetwertyński[8]


  • Arabella Theresa Sapieha (1960), Princess Sapieha-Rozanski


  • Jan Pavel Sapieha-Rozanski (1935) head of House Sapieha,[7], sometime Belgian ambassador to Brazil[8]



Palaces






  • Sapieha Palace in Vilnius







  • Ruins of the castle in Holszany (1853)







  • Palace of Aleksander Sapieha in Ružany







  • Castle of Krasicki and Sapieha in Krasiczyn







  • Sapieha Palace in Wieleń







  • Sapieha Palace in Lviv







  • Palace in Bobrek







  • Palace "Placencja", summer residence in Kodeń







  • Palace of Jan Fryderyk Sapieha in Warsaw







  • Remains of the castle in Kodeń







  • Castle in Wysokie







  • Palace in Grodno






See also



  • Ruzhany Palace

  • Sapieha Palace in Vilnius

  • Sapieha Palace in Warsaw

  • Sapieha Palace in Lviv

  • Polish nobility

  • Belarusian nobility

  • Lithuanian nobility

  • List of szlachta

  • Sapieha beaker



Bibliography



  • Labarre de Raillicourt, Dominique., Histoire des Sapieha (1440-1970), Paris, 1970

  • Sapieha E., Dom Sapieżyński, Warszawa 1995. Numery /112 przy nazwiskach oznaczają numery biogramów w/w pozycji.

  • Tłomacki A., "Sapiehowie Kodeńscy", nakładem własnym, Warszawa 2009



References





  1. ^ Энцыклапедыя ВКЛ. Т.2, арт. "Сапегі"


  2. ^ Саверчанка І.В. Канцлер Вялікага княства. Леў Сапега, Мн., Навука і тэхніка, 1992, с.63


  3. ^ Чаропка В. Бацька Айчыны. Леў Сапега. ў кнізе "Уладары вялікага княства", Мн., Беларусь, 1-е издание 1996, 2-ое издание 2002, с.327–408


  4. ^ Энцыклапедыя ВКЛ. Т.2, арт. "Сапегі"


  5. ^ Vernadsky, George. A History of Russia. New Haven. Connecticut: Yale University Press. 1961. online


  6. ^ ab Bork, Bolesław (1994). Nowy Dwór Wejherowski, Gniewowo i Sopieszyno. Wydawca Rada Gminy Wejherowo..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}


  7. ^ abcd Enache, Nicolas. La Descendance de Marie-Therese de Habsburg. ICC, Paris, 1996. pp. 72, 80-81. (French).
    ISBN 2-908003-04-X


  8. ^ ab Menthe, Caterina. 13 February 2013 Love royale. Vogue Arabia











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