43rd United States Congress
43rd United States Congress | |
---|---|
42nd ← → 44th | |
United States Capitol (1869) | |
March 4, 1873 – March 4, 1875 | |
Senate President | Henry Wilson (R) |
Senate President pro tem | Matthew H. Carpenter (R) Henry B. Anthony (R) |
House Speaker | James G. Blaine (R) |
Members | 74 senators 292 members of the House 10 non-voting delegates |
Senate Majority | Republican |
House Majority | Republican |
Sessions | |
Special: March 4, 1873 – March 26, 1873 1st: December 1, 1873 – June 23, 1874 2nd: December 7, 1874 – March 4, 1875 |
The Forty-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1873, to March 4, 1875, during the fifth and sixth years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency . The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Ninth Census of the United States in 1870. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
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Contents
1 Major events
2 Major legislation
3 Treaties
4 Party summary
4.1 Senate
4.2 House of Representatives
5 Leadership
5.1 Senate
5.2 House of Representatives
6 Members
6.1 Senate
6.1.1 Alabama
6.1.2 Arkansas
6.1.3 California
6.1.4 Connecticut
6.1.5 Delaware
6.1.6 Florida
6.1.7 Georgia
6.1.8 Illinois
6.1.9 Indiana
6.1.10 Iowa
6.1.11 Kansas
6.1.12 Kentucky
6.1.13 Louisiana
6.1.14 Maine
6.1.15 Maryland
6.1.16 Massachusetts
6.1.17 Michigan
6.1.18 Minnesota
6.1.19 Mississippi
6.1.20 Missouri
6.1.21 Nebraska
6.1.22 Nevada
6.1.23 New Hampshire
6.1.24 New Jersey
6.1.25 New York
6.1.26 North Carolina
6.1.27 Ohio
6.1.28 Oregon
6.1.29 Pennsylvania
6.1.30 Rhode Island
6.1.31 South Carolina
6.1.32 Tennessee
6.1.33 Texas
6.1.34 Vermont
6.1.35 Virginia
6.1.36 West Virginia
6.1.37 Wisconsin
6.2 House of Representatives
6.2.1 Alabama
6.2.2 Arkansas
6.2.3 California
6.2.4 Connecticut
6.2.5 Delaware
6.2.6 Florida
6.2.7 Georgia
6.2.8 Illinois
6.2.9 Indiana
6.2.10 Iowa
6.2.11 Kansas
6.2.12 Kentucky
6.2.13 Louisiana
6.2.14 Maine
6.2.15 Maryland
6.2.16 Massachusetts
6.2.17 Michigan
6.2.18 Minnesota
6.2.19 Mississippi
6.2.20 Missouri
6.2.21 Nebraska
6.2.22 Nevada
6.2.23 New Hampshire
6.2.24 New Jersey
6.2.25 New York
6.2.26 North Carolina
6.2.27 Ohio
6.2.28 Oregon
6.2.29 Pennsylvania
6.2.30 Rhode Island
6.2.31 South Carolina
6.2.32 Tennessee
6.2.33 Texas
6.2.34 Vermont
6.2.35 Virginia
6.2.36 West Virginia
6.2.37 Wisconsin
6.2.38 Non-voting members
7 Changes in membership
7.1 Senate
7.2 House of Representatives
8 Committees
8.1 Senate
8.2 House of Representatives
8.3 Joint committees
9 Caucuses
10 Employees
10.1 Senate
10.2 House of Representatives
11 See also
12 References
13 External links
Major events
- September 18, 1873: New York stock market crash triggered the Panic of 1873, part of the Long Depression
- November 4, 1874: United States House of Representatives elections, 1874 -Democrats regained control of the U.S. House of Representatives for the first time since 1860
- November 25, 1874: United States Greenback Party established as a political party, made primarily of farmers financially hurt by the Panic of 1873
Major legislation
- June 22, 1874: Revised Statutes of the United States
- June 23, 1874: Poland Act, 18 Stat. 253
- January 14, 1875: Specie Payment Resumption Act ch. 15, 18 Stat. 296
- March 1, 1875: Civil Rights Act of 1875, (Butler-Sumner Act) 18 Stat. 335
- March 3, 1875: Tariff of 1875
- March 3, 1875: Page Act of 1875, 18 Stat. 477
Treaties
- March 18, 1874: Hawaii signed a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trading rights.
Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.
Senate
Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic (D) | Anti- Monopoly (AM) | Liberal Republican (LR) | Republican (R) | |||
End of the previous congress | 17 | 0 | 1 | 54 | 72 | 2 |
Begin | 19 | 0 | 3 | 50 | 72 | 2 |
End | 20 | 2 | 51 | 73 | 1 | |
Final voting share | 7001274000000000000♠27.4% | 5000000000000000000♠0.0% | 7000270000000000000♠2.7% | 7001699000000000000♠69.9% | ||
Beginning of the next congress | 28 | 1 | 0 | 43 | 72 | 2 |
House of Representatives
Before this Congress, the 1870 United States Census and resulting reapportionment changed the size of the House to 292 members.
Party (shading shows control) | Total | Vacant | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic (D) | Independent Democratic (ID) | Independent (I) | Independent Republican (IR) | Liberal Republican (LR) | Republican (R) | |||
End of the previous congress | 97 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 141 | 242 | 1 |
Begin | 91 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 189 | 290 | 2 |
End | 95 | 7 | 199 | 305 | ||||
Final voting share | 7001311000000000000♠31.1% | 7000230000000099999♠2.3% | 5000000000000000000♠0.0% | 5000000000000000000♠0.0% | 7000130000000000000♠1.3% | 7001652000000000000♠65.2% | ||
Beginning of the next congress | 177 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 101 | 286 | 5 |
Leadership
Senate
President: Henry Wilson (R)
President pro tempore: Matthew H. Carpenter (R)
Henry B. Anthony (R), elected January 25, 1875.
House of Representatives
Speaker: James G. Blaine (R)
Republican Conference Chair: Horace Maynard
Democratic Caucus Chairman: William E. Niblack
Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
- Skip to House of Representatives, below
Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring reelection in 1874; Class 2 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1876; and Class 3 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1878.
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House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
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Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
Senate
- replacements: 5
Democratic: 1 seat net gain
Republican: no net change
Liberal Republican: 1 seat net loss
- deaths: 3
- resignations: 3
- interim appointments: 1
- vacancy: 1
- Total seats with changes: 7
State (class) | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Massachusetts (2) | Vacant | Henry Wilson resigned in previous congress after becoming Vice President of the United States. Successor elected March 17, 1873. | George S. Boutwell (R) | March 17, 1873 |
Mississippi (1) | Adelbert Ames (R) | Resigned March 17, 1873, after being elected Governor of Mississippi. Successor elected February 3, 1874. | Henry R. Pease (R) | February 3, 1874 |
Kansas (2) | Alexander Caldwell (R) | Resigned March 24, 1873. Successor appointed November 24, 1873. | Robert Crozier (R) | November 24, 1873 |
California (1) | Eugene Casserly (D) | Resigned November 29, 1873. Successor elected December 23, 1873. | John S. Hager (D) | December 23, 1873 |
Kansas (2) | Robert Crozier (R) | Interim appointee retired when successor elected February 2, 1874. | James M. Harvey (R) | February 2, 1874 |
Massachusetts (1) | Charles Sumner (LR) | Died March 11, 1874. Successor elected April 17, 1874. | William B. Washburn (R) | April 17, 1874 |
Connecticut (1) | William A. Buckingham (R) | Died February 5, 1875. Successor appointed February 5, 1875, having already been elected to the next tern. | William W. Eaton (D) | February 5, 1875 |
House of Representatives
- replacements: 15
Democratic: 3 seat net gain
Republican: 4 seat net loss
Liberal Republican: 1 seat net gain
- deaths: 8
- resignations: 5
- contested election: 4
- Total seats with changes: 19
District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's formal installation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Louisiana 4th | Vacant | Rep-elect Samuel Peters died before taking seat | George L. Smith (R) | November 24, 1873 |
Georgia 8th | Vacant | Rep-elect Ambrose R. Wright died before taking seat | Alexander H. Stephens (D) | December 1, 1873 |
New York 6th | James Brooks (D) | Died April 30, 1873 | Samuel S. Cox (D) | November 4, 1873 |
Massachusetts 3rd | William Whiting (R) | Died June 29, 1873 | Henry L. Pierce (R) | December 1, 1873 |
Oregon At-large | Joseph G. Wilson (R) | Died July 2, 1873 | James Nesmith (D) | December 1, 1873 |
Michigan 5th | Wilder D. Foster (R) | Died September 20, 1873 | William B. Williams (R) | December 1, 1873 |
Virginia 5th | Alexander Davis (D) | Lost contested election March 5, 1874 | Christopher Thomas (R) | March 5, 1874 |
Georgia 1st | Morgan Rawls (D) | Lost contested election March 24, 1874 | Andrew Sloan (R) | March 24, 1874 |
New York 9th | David B. Mellish (R) | Died May 23, 1874 | Richard Schell (D) | December 7, 1874 |
Arkansas 3rd | William W. Wilshire (R) | Lost contested election June 16, 1874 | Thomas M. Gunter (D) | June 16, 1874 |
Ohio 12th | Hugh J. Jewett (D) | Resigned June 23, 1874, after becoming President of the Erie Railroad | William E. Finck (D) | December 7, 1874 |
New York 3rd | Stewart L. Woodford (R) | Resigned July 1, 1874 | Simeon B. Chittenden (IR) | November 3, 1874 |
South Carolina 3rd | Robert B. Elliott (R) | Resigned November 1, 1874 | Lewis C. Carpenter (R) | November 3, 1874 |
Illinois 1st | John B. Rice (R) | Died December 17, 1874 | Bernard G. Caulfield (D) | February 1, 1875 |
Massachusetts 10th | Alvah Crocker (R) | Died December 26, 1874 | Charles A. Stevens (R) | January 27, 1875 |
Pennsylvania 23rd | Ebenezer McJunkin (R) | Resigned January 1, 1875 | John M. Thompson (R) | January 5, 1875 |
Florida At-large | William J. Purman (R) | Resigned January 25, 1875 | Vacant | Not filled this term |
Maine 4th | Samuel F. Hersey (R) | Died February 3, 1875 | Vacant | Not filled this term |
Louisiana 1st | J. Hale Sypher (R) | Lost contested election March 3, 1875 | Effingham Lawrence (D) | March 3, 1875 |
Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (1 link), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.
Senate
- Agriculture
- Appropriations
- Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate
- Civil Service and Retrenchment
- Claims
- Commerce
Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)- District of Columbia
- Education and Labor
- Finance
- Foreign Relations
- Indian Affairs
- Judiciary
- Manufactures
- Military Affairs
- Mines and Mining
Mississippi River Levee System (Select)- Naval Affairs
Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
Outrages in Southern States (Select)- Pacific Railroad
- Patents
- Pensions
- Post Office and Post Roads
- Private Land Claims
- Privileges and Elections
- Public Lands
- Railroads
Removal of Political Disabilities (Select)- Retrenchment
- Revision of the Laws
- Revolutionary Claims
Rules (Select)
Tariff Regulation (Select)- Territories
Transportation Routes to the Seaboard (Select)- Whole
House of Representatives
- Accounts
- Agriculture
- Appropriations
Alabama Affairs (Select)
Arkansas Affairs (Select)- Banking and Currency
- Claims
- Coinage, Weights and Measures
- Commerce
- District of Columbia
- Education and Labor
- Elections
- Expenditures in the Interior Department
- Expenditures in the Justice Department
- Expenditures in the Navy Department
- Expenditures in the Post Office Department
- Expenditures in the State Department
- Expenditures in the Treasury Department
- Expenditures in the War Department
- Expenditures on Public Buildings
- Freedmen's Affairs
- Foreign Affairs
- Indian Affairs
- Invalid Pensions
- Manufactures
- Mileage
- Military Affairs
- Militia
- Mines and Mining
- Naval Affairs
- Pacific Railroads
- Patents
- Post Office and Post Roads
- Public Buildings and Grounds
- Public Expenditures
- Public Lands
- Railways and Canals
- Revision of Laws
Rules (Select)- Standards of Official Conduct
- Territories
- War Claims
- Ways and Means
- Whole
Joint committees
Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)- Enrolled Bills
- Inquire into the Affairs of the District of Columbia
Caucuses
Democratic (House)
Democratic (Senate)
Employees
Architect of the Capitol: Edward Clark
Librarian of Congress: Ainsworth Rand Spofford
Senate
Chaplain: John P. Newman (Methodist)
Byron Sunderland (Presbyterian), elected December 8, 1873
Secretary: George C. Gorham
Sergeant at Arms: John R. French
House of Representatives
Chaplain: John G. Butler (Presbyterian)
Clerk: Edward McPherson
Clerk at the Speaker’s Table: John M. Barclay
Doorkeeper: Otis S. Buxton
Postmaster: Henry Sherwood
Reading Clerks: [Data unknown/missing.]
Sergeant at Arms: Nehemiah G. Ordway
See also
United States elections, 1872 (elections leading to this Congress)
- United States presidential election, 1872
- United States Senate elections, 1872 and 1873
- United States House of Representatives elections, 1872
United States elections, 1874 (elections during this Congress, leading to the next Congress)
- United States Senate elections, 1874 and 1875
- United States House of Representatives elections, 1874
References
Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
External links
- Statutes at Large, 1789-1875
- Senate Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- House Journal, First Forty-three Sessions of Congress
- Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress
- U.S. House of Representatives: House History
- U.S. Senate: Statistics and Lists
Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 1st Session.
Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 1st Session (1st Revision).
Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 1st Session (2nd Revision).
Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 2nd Session.
Congressional Directory for the 43rd Congress, 2nd Session (Revision).